O ZRINSKO-FRANKOPANSKOJ UROTI
| Autor: | Franjo Pajur |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Kaj : časopis za književnost, umjetnost, kulturu Volume 44 (218) Issue 5 (312) |
| ISSN: | 1848-7920 0453-1116 |
| Popis: | Zrinsko-frankopanska urota (1671.) završila je smaknućem Petra Zrinskog i Frana Krste Frankopana (dalje još Nadaždija i Tattenbacha. Pripadajući posljednjima od svoga roda, njihova je smrt značila i zator dviju velikaških loza, frankopanske i zrinske, koje su na cjelokupni život hrvatskog naroda bitno utjecale gotovo pola tisućljeća. Iako je proces imao prigodnu juridičku formu – zaseban sud, ipak je predstavljao flagrantno kršenje pravnih normi, tj. povredu staleških prava, jer je ugarskim i hrvatskim velikašima mogao suditi samo ugarski državni sabor. Dakako, konfiskacijom njihovih imanja (samo od Nádasdyja, najbogatijeg baruna krune - 189.000 guldena) popunio je kralj fisk, dobrano ispražnjen troškovima barokne raskoši Dvora odnosno politike “visokog stila” (pariranje Luju XIV.), te nije daleko od istine izjava da su Zrinski i Frankopani „za buntovnike proglašeni i udavljeni samo zato, jer se Nemcem htelo hrvatskih imanjah“ (Starčević). I dok se car Leopold bavio organizacijom svoje barokne svadbe i spletkama glede španjolske baštine, naši su urotnici krvarili na predziđu kršćanstva, a u stankama između dvije provale, dvaju pohoda, dviju bitaka ili dvaju ratova uspijevali ponešto i napisati, prikupiti umjetničkih predmeta, ženiti se, imati djecu, ukratko – živjeti. Možda su braća Zrinski i bili “tipični velikaši XVII. stoljeća, ljubitelji sjaja, lovova i rata, ali i umjetnosti i knjige” (Kombol), no jamačno ne i rata à la turca, ali - reći će u jednoj brošuri Nikola: “ovdje nam je živjeti, ovdje umrijeti”. U sveopćoj pljački zrinsko-frankopanskih dobara (koje se nije libilo ni Njegovo Veličanstvo prisvojivši, između ostalog, skupocjeni svileni pokrivač s Petrova kreveta!) uništeni su mnogi dokumenti, tako da je ostala dvojbena godina Frankopanova rođenja. Držim kako je pretežito zanemarivan podatak iz izvješća mletačkog poslanika u Beču, Zorzija, u kojem ovaj Frankopanovo sudioništvo u uroti pripisuje „vrućoj krvi mladosti od ne još dvadeset osam godina“ relevantan, naravski sve dotle dok se eventualno ne pronađe točna godina Frankopanova rođenja. Dakako, u galantnoj povijesti Habsburgovaca ovo discipliniranje kičme podanika krunskih zemalja bila je tek jedna, možemo reći, od neznatnijih epizoda; za nas pak Hrvate i našu povijesnu okomicu, ipak nešto znatnije. The Zrinski-Frankopan plot (1671) ended with the execution of Petar Zrinski and Fran Krsto Frankopan (later followed by the executions of Nádasdy and Tattenbach). Being the last members of their lineages, their death also meant the extinguishing of two noble family lines, the Frankopans and the Zrinskis, whose influence on the overall life of the Croatian people had been significant for almost half a millennium. Although the process did have an appropriate juridical form – a separate court of law, it was, nevertheless, flagrant violation of legal standards, i.e. breaching of class rights, because Hungarian and Croatian nobles could be tried only by the Hungarian state assembly. Of course, by confiscating their estates (amounting to as much as 189,000 guldens alone from Nádasdy, the wealthiest crown baron), the king filled up his treasury that had been quite devastated due to expenses linked with the baroque grandeur of the Court, i.e. high style politics (competing with those of Louis the 14th). And while the emperor Leopold was engaged in organizing his baroque wedding and in conspiracies linked with the Spanish heritage, our plotters were bleeding at the bulwark of Christianity. The Zrinski brothers may have been "typical peers of the 17th century, lovers of glamor, hunting and war, and also of arts and literature" (Kombol), but surely not of war à la turca. On the other hand – Nikola's words in a brochure were the following ones: "here we are to live, here we are to die". In the overall confiscation of the Zrinski and Frankopan estates and goods (even His Majesty did not mind taking possession of, among other things, an expensive silk bed-cover from Petar's bed), many documents were destroyed, and the consequence is the doubt remaining in respect to Frankopan's date of birth.I consider as relevant the rather neglected piece of information from the report of Zorzi, the Venetian representative in Vienna, who considers Franklin's taking part in the plot as a consequence of "the hot blood of a young man who was less than twenty eight years of age". Of course, this may be relevant up to the moment when, perhaps, Frankopan's true year of birth is discovered. We may, as a matter of course, consider these disciplinary actions aimed at disciplining crown countries citizens as less important episodes in the gallant Habsburg history; however, for us Croats and our historical vertical they are of somewhat greater significance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|