Dietary supplement use among young elite athletes: basketball, football and waterpolo

Autor: Šmuljić, Zrinka, Mišigoj Duraković, Marjeta, Šatalić, Zvonimir
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Hrvatski športskomedicinski vjesnik
Volume 34
Issue 2
ISSN: 0354-0766
Popis: Uzimanje suplemenata, odnosno dodataka prehrani, kod mladih sportaša još je uvijek velika nepoznanica na području Republike Hrvatske i u ovom djelu Europe, pri čemu su važna pitanja kako se sam pojam dodatka prehrani definira i onda, ovisno o vrsti proizvoda, primjerenost upotrebe među mlađim sportašima. Ovo je istraživanje provedeno s ciljem ispitivanja prevalencije i vrste dodataka prehrani kod mladih sportaša dobi 14 – 18 godina. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 110 mladih vrhunskih sportaša prosječne dobi 15,59 ± 1,40 godina iz triju kompleksnih sportova (košarke, nogometa i vaterpola) te kontrolna skupina koju je činilo 107 nesportaša prosječne dobi 16,44 ± 1,35 godina. Svi sudionici ispunjavali su prethodno razvijen upitnik namijenjen upravo ovoj populaciji (Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2012; 22: 165-174). Razlike između kvantitativnih rezultata za sportaše odnosno kontrolnu skupinu ispitane su uz pomoć Studentovog t-testa, a razlike između kvalitativnih vrijednosti uz pomoć χ2 (hi – kvadrat) testa. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da mladi vrhunski sportaši češće uzimaju dodatke prehrani u odnosu na njihove vršnjake nesportaše. Najpopularniji dodaci prehrani kod mladih sportaša jesu vitaminskomineralni pripravci koje uzima čak 90,9% sportaša. Na razini svakodnevnog unosa, pojedinačni najviše korišteni mikronutrijenti među sportašima jesu vitamin C i magnezij, a među kontrolnom skupinom vitamin E i kalcij. Kreatin koristi 10,6% mladih sportaša ovih ekipnih sportova. Kao najčešći odgovori opisa pojma ‘’suplement’’ navedeni su: „Mislim da je to nešto što daje energiju poslije treninga“, „Dodatak koji potiče oporavak, rast mišića“, „Pomoć za regeneraciju i jačanje imuniteta“, „Pojačivači snage“, „Za bolju prehranu“, „Vitamini i minerali“ i slično. Izvori kojima sportaši vjeruju i voljeli bi dobiti informaciju o unosu dodataka prehrani uključuju liječnike (66,5%) i nutricioniste (62,3%). 8,9% sportaša potvrdilo je korištenje dopinga od strane njihovih vršnjaka. Zaključno, rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na potrebu edukacije mladih sportaša i njihovih trenera o objektivnosti i potrebi uzimanja dodataka prehrani, njihovom utjecaju na zdravlje te o važnosti znanja o dodacima prehrani.
Dietary supplement use among young athletes is still unknown in Croatia and this part of Europe, where important questions are how the concept of food supplement is defined and then, depending on the type of product, is it suitable for use among younger athletes. This study was designed to investigate various aspects of taking dietary supplements, namely prevalence and type of supplements in young athletes aged 14 - 18 years from a variety of complex sports (basketball, football and waterpolo). 110 young male elite athletes aged on average 15.59 ± 1.40 years participated in the study as well as a control group of 107 non-athletes aged on average 16.44 ± 1.35 years. All participants completed a previously developed questionnaire intended for this population (Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2012; 22: 165-174). Differences between athletes and control group of non-athletes were tested using Student t-test for quantitative variables and chi square test for qualitative variables. The results showed that young elite athletes more often use supplements then non athletes. The most popular supplements in young athletes are multivitamins, with prevalence of use of 90.9% among athletes. On daily basis, the single most used micronutrients among athletes are vitamin C and magnesium, and among the control group vitamin E and calcium. Creatine is used by 10.6% of young athletes from these team sports. The most common descriptions of the term „supplement“ was: “I think it’s something that gives energy after training“, “Option that promotes recovery and muscle growth“, “Help to regenerate and boost immunity“, “Power amplifiers“, “For better nutrition“, “Vitamins and minerals“ and other. Preferred source of information on supplement intake for elite athletes are doctors (66.5%) and nutritionists (62.3%). 8.9% of athletes confirmed doping use among their peers. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate the need to encourage the education of young athletes and their coaches about the objectivity and the necessity to take supplements, their impact on health and the importance of knowledge about the supplements.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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