| Popis: |
Since earliest Antiquity, fish have been introduced and transferred between and within continents. This practice was greatly developed during the 20th century with the primary aim of improving fishing production and fish farming development. Fish have been introduced on every continent. This paper focuses mainly on the African and Asian continents. In Africa, introducing exotic fish species has not significantly contributed to promoting the aquaculture area, the production level of which has remained very low. This is all the more true since the biodiversity of indigenous species is high. In Asia, aquaculture production is based mainly on Chinese, Indian, and the common carps. These types of fish have often been collected and transferred from their native habitats. They have been favoured to indigenous aquaculture species most certainly due to the fact that the associated technological package has been easily implemented. Tilapias, originating in Africa but mainly produced in Asia, are an exceptional example of ex-situ domestication and aquaculture production. The international market will most certainly contribute to their development. Analysing these introductions for aquaculture purposes shows that their global adverse ecological impact is practically non-existent and, inversely, that the socio-economic balance is positive. |
