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This paper was presented at the 3rd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2011), which was held at the Makedonia Palace Hotel, Thessaloniki in Greece. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaly, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute. Nanofluids refer to dilute liquid suspensions of nanoparticles in commonly used heat transfer liquids. They triggered much excitement since mid 1990s mainly owing to the claims of anomalous enhancement of thermal conductivity even at very low nanoparticle concentrations. There have been numerous attempts to interpret the mechanism(s) that drive the displayed enhancement. A long debate within the research community supported by experimental and theoretical evidence has highlighted the nanoparticle structuring as the dominant underlying mechanism. On the other hand the viscosity increase as a result of nanoparticle structuring raises concerns about their suitability for certain applications. This paper mainly discusses the structure – property relationship for nanofluids in microscopically static conditions. |
