| Popis: |
Pre-harvest practices (Fig.1) play a crucial role in prevention of Fusarium infection. Yet, ethnic groups often have their own practice cultures. The impact of these different practices on Fusarium epidemic has never been investigated. Therefore, this study identifed the correlation between the pre-harvest practices and fumonisin B1 (FB1) contamination in maize from two ethnic groups of Vietnam. The investigation was conducted in Ede and Kinh groups by seasons between 2017 and 2018, along with a detailed questionnaire on agricultural practices from each farmer. Our finding indicated that Kinh maize was much more susceptible to Fusarium verticillioides and FB1 contamination than Ede maize. Remarkably, more than half of the farmers planted maize with no intercropping resulting in an increased incidence of FB1 contamination in maize compared to the mixed-cropping system. Moreover, a majority of Kinh and Ede farmers implied the maize-maize system. Consequently, approximately 60% of maize from this system was contaminated with FB1, whereas the figure for the none-maize system was only 16%. Two other common practices further increased the problem: zero tillage and leaving crop residue on the field, also increased the risk of FB1 contamination in maize with 40% and 25%, respectively. Accordingly, the good pre-harvest practices, for example, mixed-cropping system, rotation with non-host crops, deep plowing, and good crop residue management, should be considered and applied in the prevention of Fusarium and FB1 contamination in maize. |
