Effect of Condom Use on Per-act HSV-2 Transmission Risk in HIV-1, HSV-2-discordant Couples
Autor: | Magaret, Amalia S, Mujugira, Andrew, Hughes, James P, Lingappa, Jairam, Bukusi, Elizabeth A, DeBruyn, Guy, Delany-Moretlwe, Sinead, Fife, Kenneth H, Gray, Glenda E, Kapiga, Saidi, Karita, Etienne, Mugo, Nelly R, Rees, Helen, Ronald, Allan, Vwalika, Bellington, Were, Edwin, Celum, Connie, Wald, Anna, Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Male
efficacy HIV Infections Reproductive health and childbirth Risk Assessment Medical and Health Sciences Microbiology Condoms Disease Transmission Humans 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment Aetiology condom Family Characteristics Infection Control Herpes Genitalis Herpesvirus 2 Prevention Infectious transmission HIV Biological Sciences HSV-2 Infectious Diseases Good Health and Well Being Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team HIV/AIDS Sexually Transmitted Infections Female Infection Human |
Zdroj: | Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, vol 62, iss 4 |
Popis: | BackgroundThe efficacy of condoms for protection against transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) has been examined in a variety of populations with different effect measures. Often the efficacy has been assessed as change in hazard of transmission with consistent vs inconsistent use, independent of the number of acts. Condom efficacy has not previously measured on a per-act basis.MethodsWe examined the per-act HSV-2 transmission rates with and without condom use among 911 African HSV-2 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) serodiscordant couples followed for an average of 18 months in an HIV prevention study. Infectivity models were used to associate the log10 probability of HSV-2 transmission over monthly risk periods with reported numbers of protected and unprotected sex acts. Condom efficacy was computed as the proportionate reduction in transmission risk for protected relative to unprotected sex acts.ResultsTransmission of HSV-2 occurred in 68 couples, including 17 with susceptible women and 51 with susceptible men. The highest rate of transmission was from men to women: 28.5 transmissions per 1000 unprotected sex acts. We found that condoms were differentially protective against HSV-2 transmission by sex; condom use reduced per-act risk of transmission from men to women by 96% (P < .001) and marginally from women to men by 65% (P = .060).ConclusionsCondoms are recommended as an effective preventive method for heterosexual transmission of HSV-2. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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