Effect of biannual azithromycin distribution on antibody responses to malaria, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens in Niger
| Autor: | Arzika, Ahmed M, Maliki, Ramatou, Goodhew, E Brook, Rogier, Eric, Priest, Jeffrey W, Lebas, Elodie, O'Brien, Kieran S, Le, Victoria, Oldenburg, Catherine E, Doan, Thuy, Porco, Travis C, Keenan, Jeremy D, Lietman, Thomas M, Martin, Diana L, Arnold, Benjamin F, MORDOR-Niger Study Group |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Giardiasis
Rural Population Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities Drug Resistance Cryptosporidiosis Azithromycin Clinical Research Campylobacter Infections Humans 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment Niger Aetiology Child Preschool MORDOR-Niger Study Group Escherichia coli Infections Pediatric Bacterial Infant Malaria Anti-Bacterial Agents Vector-Borne Diseases Emerging Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases Good Health and Well Being Immunoglobulin G Salmonella Infections Child Mortality Mass Drug Administration HIV/AIDS Infection Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Nature communications, vol 13, iss 1 |
| Popis: | The MORDOR trial in Niger, Malawi, and Tanzania found that biannual mass distribution of azithromycin to children younger than 5 years led to a 13.5% reduction in all-cause mortality (NCT02048007). To help elucidate the mechanism for mortality reduction, we report IgG responses to 11 malaria, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens using a multiplex bead assay in pre-specified substudy of 30 communities in the rural Niger placebo-controlled trial over a three-year period (n = 5642 blood specimens, n = 3814 children ages 1-59 months). Mass azithromycin reduces Campylobacter spp. force of infection by 29% (hazard ratio = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.89; P = 0.004) but serological measures show no significant differences between groups for other pathogens against a backdrop of high transmission. Results align with a recent microbiome study in the communities. Given significant sequelae of Campylobacter infection among preschool aged children, our results support an important mechanism through which biannual mass distribution of azithromycin likely reduces mortality in Niger. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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