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This study uses a case from northern Bangladesh to explore the factors determining adaptive capacity to flood through the lens of Sustainable Livelihood Analysis (SLA) by adopting an amended Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF). The thesis argues that understanding capital interactions and the reason behind them is critical for adaptive capacity development. The multitudes of ways capital can interact present vital concerns for methodological selection. 20 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted in 20 villages as a part of the qualitative methodology. The study's findings show that financial capital was crucial because of its fungibility nature and ability to convert to other forms of capital. The contribution of financial capital to the development of adaptive capacity lead to the five pathways by which households reduce flood vulnerability by building their adaptive capacity. Among the different types of social capital, bonding capital contributed more during the flood onset by supporting each other to protect their persons and property. Bridging capital occurred during the survival period by providing coping opportunities. Finally, linking capital was crucial in flood recovery through relief and subsidy. In addition, households combine the three forms of social capital, which means interaction happens between them, and it was found to be vital in flood management. Human capital, as the role of women, was very important in the form of education level, knowledge and skill in household management, ability to work as a labour force and take care of family health and disabled members helped households in flood adaptation. Women were also found to be an important contributor to accessing social and financial capital. To make best use of resources, policymakers should consider how strengthening individual forms of capital can generate other capital forms and provide those specific resources to households and communities to make them more resilient to floods. |
