| Přispěvatelé: |
Opdenakker, Ghislain/0000-0003-1714-2294, Hellings, Niels/0000-0003-2308-406X, DE BONDT, Mirre, HELLINGS, Niels, OPDENAKKER, Ghislain, Struyf, Sofie |
| Popis: |
Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating and first-responding innate myeloid cells and have so far been underestimated in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most frequent, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS is treatable but not curable and its cause(s) and pathogenesis remain elusive. The involvement of neutrophils in MS pathogenesis has been suggested by the use of preclinical animal disease models, as well as on the basis of patient sample analysis. In this review, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms and functions by which neutrophils may contribute to the development and pathology of MS. Neutrophils display a broad variety of effector functions enabling disease pathogenesis, including (1) the release of inflammatory mediators and enzymes, such as interleukin-1 beta, myeloperoxidase and various proteinases, (2) destruction and phagocytosis of myelin (as debris), (3) release of neutrophil extracellular traps, (4) production of reactive oxygen species, (5) breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and (6) generation and presentation of autoantigens. An important question relates to the issue of whether neutrophils exhibit a predominantly proinflammatory function or are also implicated in the resolution of chronic inflammatory responses in MS. This research was supported by the Fund for Scientific Research of Flanders and C1 funding (grant C16/17/010) from KU Leuven. Struyf, S (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Transplantat, Lab Mol Immunol, Rega Inst Med Res, Herestr 49-Box 1042, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. mirre.debondt@kuleuven.be; niels.hellings@uhasselt.be; ghislain.opdenakker@kuleuven.be; sofie.struyf@kuleuven.be |
