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U sportskoj nauci i praksi se predlaže sprovođenje treninga koji omogućavaju ostvarivanje odgovarajućih akutnih efekata u cilju povećanja efikasnosti trenažnih ili rehabilitacionih procedura i maksimizacije adaptacionih kapaciteta. U dosadašnjim istraživanjima optimalna visina saskoka (DHopt) je određivana na osnovu: postignute visine skoka (H), reaktivnog indeksa izvođenja (RSI), vrednosti kinetičke energije u amortizacionoj i ekstenzionoj fazi odskoka, kontakta petama sa podlogom tokom odskoka i generisanja relativizovane maksimalne mišićne snage tokom koncentrične faze odskoka (PPcon). Relativno širok opseg DHopt je posledica različitih faktora za koje se u analiziranoj literaturi smatra da mogu značajno uticati na DHopt i da neki od njih nisu dovoljno istraženi, što ograničava njihovu praktičnu primenu u trenažnom procesu. Sa tim u vezi definisani su ciljevi koji se odnose na metodološke aspekte optimizacije intenziteta skoka iz saskoka. U realizovanom istraživanju su ispitivani sledeći ciljevi: 1) pouzdanost zavisnih kinetičkih i kinematičkih varijabli kod skoka iz saskoka; 2) uticaj visine saskoka na zavisne kinetičke i kinematičke varijable; 3) pouzdanost metoda biranja i metoda predviđanja za određivanje DHopt; 4) povezanost dva metoda za određivanje DHopt; 5) povezanost morfoloških varijabli sa DHopt; 6) povezanost varijabli koje opisuju maksimalnu jačinu mišića i DHopt; 7) razlike u kinetičkim i kinematičkim varijablama između grupa sa različitim nivoom maksimalne mišićne jačine; 8) razlike u DHopt između grupa sa različitim nivoom maksimalne mišićne jačine; 9) utvrđivanje regresionih modela za predikciju DHopt na osnovu odgovarajućih morfoloških i varijabli koje opisuju maksimalnu jačinu mišića i 10) predikcija pouzdanosti za određivanje DHopt... It is suggested that, in the sports science and practice, it is advisable to conduct training that would enable achievement of adequate acute effects in order to increase the efficiency of training or rehabilitation procedures and maximize the adaptive capacity. In the previous research, the optimal drop height (DHopt) was determined on the basis of: achieved jump height (H), reactive strength index (RSI), the values of the kinetic energy in amortized stage of rebound, the contact of heels with the ground during the rebound and generating normalized maximal muscle power during the concentric phase of rebound (PPcon). The relatively wide range of DHopt is due to different factors, in the literature taken into account, considered to have a significant effect on the DHopt; some of them have not been explored sufficiently, which limits their practical use in the training process. In regard to this, the goals relating to methodological aspects optimization intensity of drop jumps have been defined. In the completed study the following objectives were examined: 1) reliability of the dependent kinetic and kinematic variables in the drop jump; 2) The influence of the height of drop jump on the dependent kinetic and kinematic variables; 3) reliability of picking methods and fitting methods for the determination of DHopt; 4) The correlation between the two methods for determining DHopt; 5) The correlation of morphological variables with DHopt; 6) correlation of the variables that describe the maximum muscle strength and DHopt; 7) differences in kinetic and kinematic variables between the subject groups with different levels of maximum muscular strength; 8) DHopt differences between the subject groups with different levels of maximum muscular strength; 9) determining the regression models for prediction of DHopt based on its morphological variables and the variables that describe the maximum muscle strength and 10) the number of repetitions required to obtain acceptable reliability of DHopt... |
