Environmentally Friendly New Catalyst Using Waste Alkaline Solution from Aluminum Production for the Synthesis of Biodiesel in Aqueous Medium

Autor:	Zanatta, Sandro L. Barbosa, David Lee Nelson, Lucas Paconio, Moises Pedro, Wallans Torres Pio dos Santos, Alexandre P. Wentz, Fernando L. P. Pessoa, Foster A. Agblevor, Daniel A. Bortoleto, Maria B. de Freitas-Marques, Lucas D.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Rok vydání:	2023
Předmět:	environmentally friendly processes bayer residue waste management basic catalyst contaminants red mud fatty acid methyl ester
Zdroj:	Bioengineering; Volume 10; Issue 6; Pages: 692
ISSN:	2306-5354
DOI:	10.3390/bioengineering10060692
Popis:	Red mud (RM) is composed of a waste alkaline solution (pH = 13.3) obtained from the production of alumina. It contains high concentrations of hematite (Fe2O3), goethite (FeOOH), gibbsite [Al(OH)3], a boehmite (AlOOH), anatase (Tetragonal–TiO2), rutile (Ditetragonal dipyramidal–TiO2), hydrogarnets [Ca3Al2(SiO4)3−x(OH)4x], quartz (SiO2), and perovskite (CaTiO3). It was shown to be an excellent catalytic mixture for biodiesel production. To demonstrate the value of RM, an environmentally friendly process of transesterification in aqueous medium using waste cooking oil (WCO), MeOH, and waste alkaline solution (WAS) obtained from aluminum production was proposed. Triglycerides of WCO reacted with MeOH at 60 °C to yield mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in the presence of 0.019% (w/w) WAS/WCO using the WAS (0.204 mol L−1, predetermined by potentiometric titration) from aluminum production by the Bayer process. The use of the new catalyst (WAS) resulted in a high yield of the products (greater than 99% yield).
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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