Profitability Gaps after Pasture Renovation and Decision Making in Grassland Dairy Farms
| Jazyk: | japonština |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Zdroj: | 酪農学園大学紀要. 人文・社会科学編. 47(1):1-25 |
| Popis: | 本研究の課題は草地更新の経営にとっての経済効果が生じる要因を示すことにある。このため29の酪農場の調査を実施した。これらを過去10年間の合計草地更新率の高さと過去5年間平均の収益性の高さにより4つのグループに分けた。管理行動と意識の差を比較分析した。第1に，高更新率階層のうち低収益性グループと比べて高収益性グループでは以下の特徴が示された。草地更新に牧草の質的向上によるコスト低下を期待していたこと。経営面積を拡大し草地更新による牧草収量の減少リスクを回避したこと。完全更新だけでなく簡易更新を実施して牧草の質を高めたこと。第2に，低更新率階層の中の高収益性グループでは，以下の特徴が示された。広い視点で経営収支を管理していた。放牧の積極的な活用により，草地更新をせずに草地を維持し，少ない労働時間で高い収益性をえた。以上の結果草地更新で高い収益性を得るためには，明確なコスト削減意識と，草地の分析・観察・維持管理作業などの実施，そして更新による減収リスクを回避するために十分な経営面積の確保などの条件が必要と考えられた。さらに長期的な視点に立ち，労働時間を短縮すること，農薬使用のリスクを考慮すると，収益性を高めるためにすべての農場にとって草地更新が必要であるとは言えないことを示した。 The objective of this study was to determine the factors that contribute to the economic benefits of pasture renovation for dairy management. To this end, 29 dairy farms were surveyed. These were divided into four groups according to their total pasture renovation rate over the past 10 years and their average profitability over the past 5 years. Differences in management behavior and awareness were analyzed comparatively. First, compared to the low profitability group in the high renovation rate hierarchy, the high profitability group showed the following characteristics. They expected pasture renovation to reduce costs by improving pasture quality. They expanded their area of operation and avoided the risk of a decrease in pasture yield due to pasture renovation. The quality of grass was improved not only by complete renovation but also by simple renovation. Second, the highly profitable group in the low renovation rate group showed the following characteristics. They managed their management balance from a broad perspective. They maintained grassland without pasture renovation through active use of grazing, and achieved high profitability with fewer labor hours. As results of the above, it was considered that in order to obtain high profitability through pasture renovation, the following conditions were necessary: a clear awareness of cost reduction, analysis, observation, and maintenance of the grassland, and a sufficient area of land for management to avoid the risk of reduced income due to renovation. Furthermore, taking a long-term perspective, reducing labor hours, and considering the risks of pesticide use indicated that pasture renovation is not necessary for all farms to increase profitability. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|