| Popis: |
Chinese enterprise had long been state-owned under the government authorities' control since the establishment of the People's Republic of China. There was not an effective managerial organization, and the leaders of the enterprises were the members of Communist Party Committee. Such enterprises were not business units but administrative branch units operating administrative directive. It was not necessary for enterprises to take the trouble to develop workers in each enterprise. Chinese government did not try to make much of personnel development in order to train many workers even when the industrial basics were not developed enough, the work morale and vocational training were not on a high level, and the skilled workers, experts and specialists were extremely lacked. Along with the unceasing advancement of The Chinese Economic Reform and Open-door Policy and the industry modernization, Chinese economic system was changed from the planned economy to the socialist market economy. Under such circumstances, Chinese enterprises needed to change themselves from the government's plan execution units to semi-autonomous management units of economy. Actually each enterprise changed greatly with the introduction of foreign capital and technology. At the same time, changes have also happened as increasing needs for skilled workers, experts, engineers and managers. However, on the contrary, there were few who have trained capabilities to develop enterprises and technology. Chinese government vigorously developed the vocational-technical education through the education institutions from the beginning of the 80's. However personnel development only through the education institutions could not satisfy completely the increasing demands of economic circles and enterprises. Therefore, enterprise's personnel development also gradually was regarded as the important task of the enterprise management. Chinese state enterprises have close relations with the socialist economic system and governmental control background. Therefore, enterprises are unable to carry on the completely autonomous independent reform. This article surveys the historical perspectives of Chinese industrial policy and the shifts of labor policy accordingly, and analyzes the personnel development policy in the enterprise level. This article analyses automobile industry and three typical automobile enterprises. Automobile industry has been recently developed and modernized very rapidly, and the personnel development policy of the industry has been recognized as one of the best examples(benchmark)showing the way for many other enterprises. This article structure as follows: First of all, surveys personnel development policy in the state enterprises before the implementation of the Economic Reform and Open-door Policy. Second, analyzes the case of Faw-Volkswagen Automobile Co. Ltd., Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen automobile Co. Ltd. and the Shanghai-Volkswagen Automobile Co. Ltd., extracting the essence and lessons of personnel development policy from these modern automobile companies. Finally tries to find out the basic trends of the personnel development policy in the automobile industry. |
