Sai On's Philosophy and His Ideas on Forest Administration
| Jazyk: | japonština |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | 札幌学院大学人文学会紀要 = Journal of the Society of Humanities. 107:1-38 |
| ISSN: | 0916-3166 |
| Popis: | 蔡温は琉球王国の第二の繁栄の時代を創出した大政治家である。彼はたんに傑出した政治家であっただけではなくて，独自の哲学と環境思想とをもつ思想家でもあった。彼は，倫理思想家としては，琉球王国と封建的身分制とを支える強固な儒教イデオロギーをもちながら，他方では相互扶助の精神にもとづいた普遍的ヒューマニズムを実践した。また，環境思想家としては，中国福州の風水思想から強い影響を受けながらも，これを琉球の独自の風土に合わせて柔軟に適用し，琉球の森林保護と森林資源の育成に力を注いだ。彼が政治の舞台に登場する以前の琉球では，王城の補修，進貢船などの船舶の建造，それに砂糖の生産などの必要のために森林が広範に伐採され，木材資源の枯渇が深刻化していた。こうした状況を踏まえ，彼はその生涯にわたって何度も長期にわたる杣山調査を行い，その結果をもとに，森林保護，森林育成，そして木材の安定的供給のための技術と方策を『林政八書』の中に見事に結実させた。王国の支配的地位にある人物が自らこうした業績を残したことは世界的に見てもほとんど類例がない。その業績は，日本本土の江戸時代最大の経世家であり環境思想家であった熊沢蕃山に並ぶものとして，我が国の環境思想と環境保護の歴史の中に明確に位置づけられるべきだと思われる。本論では，その蔡温の哲学と風水の思想とを踏まえながら，彼の林政思想の特徴と意義をまとめることにしたい。 Sai On was a great statesman who ushered in the “second prosperous era” of the Ryukyu Kingdom. A preeminent statesman, he was also a thinker with a distinct philosophy and environmental perspective. As a thinker of ethics, Sai On had a firm Confucian ideology that supported the Ryukyu Kingdom and its feudal class system. At the same time, he practiced universal humanism based on the spirit of mutual assistance. As an environmental thinker, he was strongly influenced by geomancy from Fuzhou, China, and he flexibly adapted that idea to the unique natural features of the Ryukyu Kingdom for the purpose of conserving forests and fostering timber resources there. Before he appeared on the political scene, vast tracts of the kingdom had been deforested for sugar production, castle maintenance and repair, and the building of government-owned ships and other ships. The timber resources were severely depleted. With that situation in mind, he conducted multiple long-term surveys of government-administered forests that were harvested for timber. His efforts bore fruit in the form of Eight Volumes on Ryukyu Forest Administration , a work that was based on his surveys and that included documents, laws, and regulations concerning forest conservation, forest cultivation, and techniques and policies for the sustainable supply of timber. Few others in the world who have held a leading position in a kingdom have produced similar achievements. The achievements of Sai On should be explicitly recognized in Japan’s history of environmental thought and environmental conservation, as his remarkable results are comparable to those of Kumazawa Banzan, Japan’s greatest political theorist and an environmental thinker in Japan proper during the Edo period. This study aims to summarize the characteristics and significance of Sai On’s ideas on forest administration in light of his ideas on geomancy and ethics. 論文 Article |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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