| Popis: |
Kūkai (774-835) is known as the founder of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism. The purpose of this study was to explore the contemporary meaning of Kūkai’s “Ten Stages of Mental Development.” These 10 stages refer to the process by which the selfish mind, which is attached to the ego, reaches the state of selflessness and awakens to altruistic behavior. The first to the ninth stages of the 10 stages were interpreted as follows.The First Stage: The mind is dominated by the pleasure principle; this stage is replete with selfishness, the opposite of selflessness.The Second Stage: The mind seeks social approval; in this stage self-consciousness is controlled and adapted to the outside world.The Third Stage: The mind aims for freedom and self-realization; this is the stage where one tries to cleanse oneself of self-consciousness but is still unable to get rid of self-centeredness.The Fourth and Fifth Stages: One leaves the world behind and devotes oneself to self-inquiry; in this stage one awakens to selflessness and a the same time begins to cling to it.The Sixth and Seventh Stages: A mindset of selflessness and altruism; in these stages one attempts to live a selfless life through various acts of altruism.The Eighth Stage: The mind practices equality and love; in this stage there is no longer a need to deny the existence of self (no self), and the goal is to attain a state of truth that is free from birth, death, and change.The Ninth Stage: The mind contemplates oneness with the universe; in this stage selfishness and selflessness are fused together and there is no longer any boundary between them.本研究の目的は、空海（774-835）が提唱した「十住心思想」の現代的意味を探ることである。この十住心とは、自我に執着する利己的な心が、無我の境地に達し、さらには利他的な行動に目覚める過程を示す。十住心の解釈の結果は以下の通りである。第一住心：快楽原則に支配される心、無我とは対極の我執に塗り込められた段階第二住心：社会的承認を求める心、我執を統制し適応しようとする段階第三住心：自由と自己実現を目指す心、我執を浄化しようとするが、未だ我に基づく計らいからは離れられない段階第四住心・第五住心：世間を離れて自己探究に徹する心、無我に目覚めると同時に無我への執着が始まる段階第六住心・第七住心：無我と利他に生きる心、様々な利他行を通じて無我に生きることが試みられる段階第八住心：平等と愛を実践する心、我の存在の否定（無我）を離れ、生滅変化を離れた無為の境地が目指される段階第九住心：宇宙との一体感を観想する心、我執と無我とが融け合い、境界がなくなった段階 |
