Eating-related problems and related factors in institutionalized people with dementia
| Jazyk: | japonština |
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| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | 岡山県立大学保健福祉学部紀要 = BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF HEALTH AND WELFARE SCIENCE, OKAYAMA PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY. 29:61-68 |
| ISSN: | 1341-2531 |
| Popis: | 【目的】在宅の認知症者の食行動の問題には認知症の原因疾患や重症度が関係するとされるが、施設入所者における研究はほとんどない。本研究の目的は、施設の認知症者における生物学的・心理学的・社会的などのような要因が、食行動の問題に関連するかを明らかにすることである。【方法】〈対象〉A 介護老人保健施設に連続して 1 ヵ月以上入所し、認知症の診断があり、栄養を経口にて摂取する 70人。〈材料と手続き〉①対象者の生物学的・心理学的・社会学的な情報を収集。② Shinagawa et al.（2016）の「認知症患者さんの食行動調査票」を用いて、行動観察によって食べ過ぎ・嚥下問題・食欲低下・こだわりの有無を評価。〈分析方法〉説明変数を上記①、目的変数を②として、ロジスティック回帰分析を実施。【結果】対象は、女 45人、男 25人、年齢は平均 86.6 ± 8.0 歳であった。食行動問題の出現率は、食べ過ぎ =14.3%、嚥下問題 =42.9%、食欲低下 =27.1%、こだわり =27.1% であった。ロジスティック回帰分析結果における有意な説明変数は、食べ過ぎ = 年齢（低年齢）；嚥下問題 = 性（男性）、FIM（低 ADL）；食欲低下 = 性（女性）、NPI 不安（高不安）、在宅からの生活月数（長期入所）；こだわり =Alb（高 Alb）、残存歯数（少残存歯）、NPI 多幸（高多幸）であった。【結論】有意な説明変数のうち、ADL と BPSD は介入可能な要因であり、臨床的には特に重要なものと考えた。 Aim: People with dementia (PWD) often presents various eating-related problems that hinder a stable life. However, in institutionalized PWD, it is unclear which factors are related to the problems. The aim of this study was to clarify which factors are related to eating-related problems in institutionalized PWD. Methods: The subjects were 70 PWA who were resident in our care health center. People who did not take nourishment orally was excluded. Their biological, psychological, sociological information was collected. Their eating-related problems were assessed using the Dietary Behavior Questionnaire of Patients with Dementia (Shinagawa, et al. 2016). It evaluates the frequency of 24 eating-related problems of subjects, and the problems are classified into four domains: overeating, swallowing problems, decrease of appetite, and obsessing with foods. Results: The subjects were 45 females and 25 males. Their mean age were 86.6 years. The occurrence ratio of the domains of eating-related problems was as follows: overeating = 14.3%, swallowing problems = 42.9%, decrease of appetite = 27.1%, and obsession with foods = 27.1%. A logistic regression analysis revealed that the following factors were related to each domain: overeating = age (young); swallowing problems = sex (male) and FIM (low level of activities of daily living); decrease of appetite = sex (female), NPI (anxiety), and the duration after leaving home (long); obsessing with food = Alb (high), the number of remaining teeth (small), and NPI (euphoria). Conclusions: We revealed some factors that had relationships with eating-related problems in institutionalized PWD. Levels of activities of daily living and BPSD might be particularly important factors, because they were variable in intervention. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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