| Popis: |
Environmental studies have been conducted in several major Asian cities to evaluate the influence of pollution on global weather conditions, and the results have been made public. This paper reports the results of suspended particulate matter(SPM)measurements carried out in Jakarta and Hanoi, cities in which official data cannot be easily obtained. According to an investigation performed by the World Bank in the 1990s, Jakarta faced a "serious SPM problem." PM10 decreased by approximately 11.9% from 2001 to 2008, and it fell below the SPM standard value for Jakarta, although official data shows only the annual mean value. SPM in Hanoi was measured by my laboratory in September 2009 and February 2007. SPM values had decreased at 33 of the 37 places where we had taken measurements in the earlier study. The SPM values had decreased by half at 20 places. However, high SPM values were still found in downtown areas such as the area surrounding Hanoi Station which receives heavy traffic and where there are many skyscrapers being built. SPM concentration is low during the day, but increases from dusk to dawn in numerous Asian cities. The increase in SPM concentration is a serious problem, and the administrations responsible for these cities should take some measures to control this SPM concentration. Because current SPM data cannot be obtained easily, it is not possible to discuss city environmental problems in detail. Urban traffic and air pollution have serious effects on the urban environment. The method explained in this report makes it possible for visual information about the air contaminant distribution in cities to be obtained instantly, without using cumbersome and expensive equipment. This information will be useful in designing cities and improving the quality of city life in the future. |
