Teachers' Use of Speech Styles in the Classroom
| Autor: | Ryuko, Yokosuka |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | 国際基督教大学日本語教育研究センター, International Christian University |
| Jazyk: | japonština |
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | ICU 日本語教育研究センター紀要 = The Research Center for Japanese Language Education Annual Bulletin. 9:61-76 |
| Popis: | 従来の「です・ます体」の研究により「フォーマリテイー」や「ていねいさ」の度合いという観点から教室談話をみると,教師の使うべきスピーチ・スタイルは「です・ます体」が規範だということになる。しかし,近年の談話研究から自然な発話では単一のスピーチ・スタイルが固定的に使われるのではなく,複数のスタイル(「です・ます体」,「だ体」など)が混在し,各スタイル間で頻繁に交替が起こることが明らかになってきている。本稿では,授業場面での教師による「です・ます体」と「だ体」間のスタイルの交替が,発話がもつ命題以外にどのような指標的機能をもっているかという観点から分析,考察を試みた。その結果,教師のスピーチ・スタイルの交替は,状況の公式性,対人関係(自分の立場や相手の言語能力についての認識)を規定していることが明らかになった。 The use of gozaimasu, desu/masu, and da styles in traditional studies has been regarded as a matter of 'politeness' or 'formality' decided by social factors such as situation and setting, and psychological factors such as relations between conversational partners. These forms are necessary to explain conversational discourse, but they can not account for all of the complex shifts of speech style in situations such as classroom situations where social conditions remain unchanged. This paper is an attempt to analyze the shifts of speech style between desu/masu and da style that Japanese teachers use. The usage of speech styles was observed in actual conversational discourse in Japanese as a second language classroom situations at university. The purpose of this investigation is to provide a description of the features of shifts of speech style by teachers depending on students of different language competence as well as the types of interaction between teachers and students, and to examine the factors that cause such shifts. The results demonstrate that the use of da and desu/masu style is closely connected with the formality of the situation and the teacher's psychological distance from the students. The following three factors are also related to the shift of speech style: types of interaction, the teacher's attitude toward his/her role, and students' linguistic competence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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