Relative absorption and dermal loading of chemical substances: Consequences for risk assessment
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
azinphos methyl
phosmet in vitro study triclosan Food and Chemical Risk Analysis Dermal absorption mevinphos zinc chloride aminolevulinic acid volatile agent in vivo study skin irritation In vitro 2 ethoxyethanol health hazard disulfoton In vivo chemical compound hydrocortisone human parathion pentachlorophenol pesticide Risk assessment ibuprofen iprodione aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester malathion nonhuman integumentary system naloxone benzoic acid article benzo[a]pyrene pyrene molecular weight catechol aminolevulinic acid methyl ester skin absorption flurbiprofen Chemistry hexachlorobenzene priority journal testosterone trimethylamine Dermal loading 1 methyl 2 pyrrolidinone atrazine |
| Popis: | Quantification of skin absorption is an essential step in reducing the uncertainty of dermal risk assessment. Data from literature indicate that the relative dermal absorption of substances is dependent on dermal loading. Therefore, an internal exposure calculated with absorption data determined at a dermal loading not comparable to the actual loading may lead to a wrong assessment of the actual health risk. To investigate the relationship between dermal loading and relative absorption in a quantitative manner, 138 dermal publicly available absorption experiments with 98 substances were evaluated (87 in vitro, 51 in vivo; molecular weight between 40 and 950, log P between -5 and 13), with dermal loading ranging mostly between 0.001 and 10 mg/cm2. In 87 experiments (63%) an inverse relationship was observed between relative dermal absorption and dermal loading, with an average decrease of factor 33 ± 69. Known skin irritating and volatile substances less frequently showed an inverse relationship between dermal loading and relative absorption. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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