Nucleoplasmin is a limiting component in the scaling of nuclear size with cytoplasmic volume
| Autor: | Pan Chen, Jesse C. Gatlin, John Oakey, Katherine Nelson, Miroslav Tomschik, Daniel L. Levy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Cytoplasm
Nucleoplasmin Microfluidics Cell Xenopus Embryonic Development Xenopus Proteins Article Histones Xenopus laevis Cytosol Neoplasms medicine Animals Nucleoplasmins education Research Articles Cell Size Cell Nucleus education.field_of_study biology urogenital system Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Chromatin Cell biology Cell nucleus medicine.anatomical_structure Histone Chaperone (protein) Oocytes biology.protein |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Cell Biology |
| ISSN: | 1540-8140 0021-9525 |
| Popis: | How is nuclear size regulated relative to cell size? Using microfluidic encapsulation of Xenopus laevis embryo extracts, biochemical fractionation, and in vivo experiments, Chen et al. demonstrate that reductions in cytoplasmic volume and limiting components, including the histone chaperone nucleoplasmin, contribute to developmental nuclear size scaling. How nuclear size is regulated relative to cell size is a fundamental cell biological question. Reductions in both cell and nuclear sizes during Xenopus laevis embryogenesis provide a robust scaling system to study mechanisms of nuclear size regulation. To test if the volume of embryonic cytoplasm is limiting for nuclear growth, we encapsulated gastrula-stage embryonic cytoplasm and nuclei in droplets of defined volume using microfluidics. Nuclei grew and reached new steady-state sizes as a function of cytoplasmic volume, supporting a limiting component mechanism of nuclear size control. Through biochemical fractionation, we identified the histone chaperone nucleoplasmin (Npm2) as a putative nuclear size effector. Cellular amounts of Npm2 decrease over development, and nuclear size was sensitive to Npm2 levels both in vitro and in vivo, affecting nuclear histone levels and chromatin organization. We propose that reductions in cell volume and the amounts of limiting components, such as Npm2, contribute to developmental nuclear size scaling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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