Pro-Inflammatory CXCR3 Impairs Mitochondrial Function in Experimental Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
| Autor: | Juqiang Han, Eagle Sh Chu, Yuemin Nan, Jinghua Du, Xiang Zhang, Jun Yu, Yanquan Zhang, Kwan Man |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
FIS1 Mitochondrial ROS Receptors CXCR3 DNA damage Medicine (miscellaneous) Mitochondrion DNA Mitochondrial Mice 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Microscopy Electron Transmission stomatognathic system Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease medicine Animals Humans MFN1 Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) Cells Cultured Membrane Potential Mitochondrial Mice Knockout CXCR3 Methionine apoptosis Hep G2 Cells Flow Cytometry medicine.disease Mitochondria Cell biology Mice Inbred C57BL stomatognathic diseases 030104 developmental biology Liver chemistry Apoptosis non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases Steatohepatitis Reactive Oxygen Species Research Paper |
| Zdroj: | Theranostics |
| ISSN: | 1838-7640 |
| Popis: | Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the regulator of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of NASH is still largely unclear. CXCR3 is an essential pro-inflammatory factor in chronic liver diseases. We explored the significance of CXCR3 in regulating mitochondrial function during NASH development in animal models and cultured hepatocytes. Methods The effects of CXCR3 on mitochondrial function were evaluated by genetic knockout or pharmacological inhibition in mouse models and in vitro. The ultrastructural changes of mitochondria were assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Hepatic levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, membrane potential and ATP were examined. Results CXCR3 ablation by genetic knockout or pharmacological inhibition in mice protected against NASH development by influencing mitochondrial function. Similarly, depletion of CXCR3 reduced steatohepatitis injury in cultured hepatocytes. TEM analysis revealed that liver mitochondrial integrity was much improved in CXCR3 knockout (CXCR3-/-) compared to wildtype (WT) mice. In agreement with this, impaired mitochondrial function was pronounced in WT mice compared to CXCR3-/- mice, evidenced by increased protein expression of dynamic-related protein-1 (DRP1) and fission-1 (FIS1) and decreased protein expression of mitofusin-1 (MFN1). Mitochondrial dysfunction was induced in AML-12 hepatocytes by methionine and choline deficient medium and in HepG2 cells by palmitic acid. The impaired mitochondrial function in both cell lines was evidenced by reduced membrane potential and ATP content, and by increased mitochondrial ROS accumulation and DNA damage. However, CXCR3 knockdown by siCXCR3 significantly diminished the mitochondrial dysfunction in both AML-12 and HepG2 hepatocytes. In addition, inhibition of CXCR3 by CXCR3 specific antagonists SCH546738 and AMG487 restored mitochondrial function and inhibited mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in the liver of WT mice fed with methionine and choline deficient diet. Conclusion CXCR3 induces mitochondrial dysfunction, which contributes to the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. Pharmacologic blockade of CXCR3 prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and restores the severity of steatohepatitis, indicating a potential clinical impact for controlling the disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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