A 4-d Water Intake Intervention Increases Hydration and Cognitive Flexibility among Preadolescent Children
| Autor: | Erica T. Perrier, Macie A Sinn, Jeanne H. Bottin, Daniel R. Westfall, Alicia Jones, Charles H. Hillman, Naiman A. Khan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Elementary cognitive task medicine.medical_specialty 030309 nutrition & dietetics Urinary system Drinking Behavior Medicine (miscellaneous) 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Urine 03 medical and health sciences Cognition 0302 clinical medicine Humans Medicine Child 0303 health sciences Nutrition and Dietetics Dehydration Urine specific gravity business.industry Cognitive flexibility Water Water-Electrolyte Balance Crossover study United States Physical therapy Female Analysis of variance business |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Nutrition. 149:2255-2264 |
| ISSN: | 0022-3166 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND Hydration effects on cognition remain understudied in children. This is concerning since a large proportion of US children exhibit insufficient hydration. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of water intake on urinary markers of hydration and cognition among preadolescents. METHODS A 3-intervention crossover design was used among 9- to 11-y-olds [n = 75 (43 males, 32 females); 58.2 ± 28.5 BMI percentile]. Participants maintained their water intake [ad libitum (AL)] or consumed high (2.5 L/d) or low (0.5 L/d) water for 4 d. The primary outcomes were performance on cognitive tasks requiring inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility assessed using a modified flanker, go/no-go, and color-shape switch tasks, respectively. Secondary outcomes included urine hydration indices [i.e., color, urine specific gravity (USG), osmolality] assessed using 24-h urine collected during day 4 of each intervention. Repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to assess intervention effects. RESULTS There was a significant difference in hydration across all 3 interventions. Urine color during the low intervention [median (IQR): 6 (2)] was greater than during AL [5 (2)], and both were greater than during the high intervention [18 (0)] (all P ≤ 0.01). Similarly, osmolality [low (mean ± SD): 912 ± 199 mOsmol/kg, AL: 790 ± 257.0 mOsmol/kg, high: 260 ± 115 mOsmol/kg] and USG [low (mean ± SD): 1.023 ± 0.005, AL: 1.020 ± 0.007, high: 1.005 ± 0.004] during the low intervention were greater during AL, and both were greater than during the high intervention (all P ≤ 0.01). USG and osmolality AL values were related to switch task measures (β: 0.21 to -0.31, P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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