Compensatory networks to counteract the effects of ageing on language
| Autor: | Michela Petesi, Michela Brambilla, Maria Cotelli, Rosa Manenti, Carlo Miniussi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
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Aging medicine.medical_specialty medicine.medical_treatment Prefrontal Cortex Naming Neuropsychological Tests Audiology DLPFC behavioral disciplines and activities Functional Laterality Correlation Behavioral Neuroscience Fluency Elderly Cognition mental disorders Reaction Time medicine Humans Aged Language Language Tests TMS Compensation Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Transcranial magnetic stimulation Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Ageing Successful ageing Female Healthy ageing Nerve Net Psychology psychological phenomena and processes Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Behavioural Brain Research. 249:22-27 |
| ISSN: | 0166-4328 |
| Popis: | Background Word-retrieval difficulties are a common consequence of healthy ageing and are associated with a reduction in asymmetrical recruitment of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), although the significance of this reduction has not yet been clarified. Using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) it has been demonstrated that an asymmetrical involvement of the DLPFC during action naming in young subjects, whereas bilateral involvement was shown in elderly participants. By using rTMS during a naming task in a group of elderly subjects, the aim of the present work was to investigate whether the magnitude of DLPFC asymmetry (left–right rTMS effect) during action naming correlates with task performance, proving the presence of a compensation strategy in some but not all elderly participants. Methods We aimed to test if there was a correlation between DLPFC asymmetry (left–right rTMS effect) and naming performance in a group of elderly subjects. Results The results show that rTMS affects action naming differently according to individual naming ability. In particular, the predominance of a left vs. right DLPFC effect was observed only in the low-performing older adults, while an asymmetric reduction was selectively shown in the high-performing group. Interestingly, high-performing older adults also displayed better performances on a phonemic fluency test. Conclusion The present data suggest that successful ageing is linked to less prefrontal asymmetry, an efficient strategy for counteracting age-related declines in cognitive function. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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