Debulking different Corona (SARS-CoV-2 delta, omicron, OC43) and Influenza (H1N1, H3N2) virus strains by plant viral trap proteins in chewing gums to decrease infection and transmission
| Autor: | Henry Daniell, Smruti K. Nair, Hancheng Guan, Yuwei Guo, Rachel J. Kulchar, Marcelo D.T. Torres, Md. Shahed-Al-Mahmud, Geetanjali Wakade, Yo-Min Liu, Andrew D. Marques, Jevon Graham-Wooten, Wan Zhou, Ping Wang, Sudheer K. Molugu, William R. de Araujo, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez, Che Ma, William R. Short, Pablo Tebas, Kenneth B. Margulies, Frederic D. Bushman, Francis K. Mante, Robert P. Ricciardi, Ronald G. Collman, Mark S. Wolff |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
SARS-CoV-2
Influenza A Virus H3N2 Subtype Biophysics COVID-19 Bioengineering Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures Chewing Gum Biomaterials Viral Proteins Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype Mechanics of Materials Influenza Human Ceramics and Composites Humans Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Powders Plant Proteins |
| Zdroj: | Biomaterials. 288:121671 |
| ISSN: | 0142-9612 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121671 |
| Popis: | Because oral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is 3-5 orders of magnitude higher than nasal transmission, we investigated debulking of oral viruses using viral trap proteins (CTB-ACE2, FRIL) expressed in plant cells, delivered through the chewing gum. In omicron nasopharyngeal (NP) samples, the microbubble count (based on N-antigen) was significantly reduced by 20 μg of FRIL (p 0.0001) and 0.925 μg of CTB-ACE2 (p = 0.0001). Among 20 delta or omicron NP samples, 17 had virus load reduced below the detection level of spike protein in the RAPID assay, after incubation with the CTB-ACE2 gum powder. A dose-dependent 50% plaque reduction with 50-100 ng FRIL or 600-800 μg FRIL gum against Influenza strains H1N1, H3N2, and Coronavirus HCoV-OC43 was observed with both purified FRIL, lablab bean powder or gum. In electron micrographs, large/densely packed clumps of overlapping influenza particles and FRIL protein were observed. Chewing simulator studies revealed that CTB-ACE2 release was time/dose-dependent and release was linear up to 20 min chewing. Phase I/II placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial (IND 154897) is in progress to evaluate viral load in saliva before or after chewing CTB-ACE2/placebo gum. Collectively, this study advances the concept of chewing gum to deliver proteins to debulk oral viruses and decrease infection/transmission. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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