Factors Affecting the Growth of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in Single‐Species Tests: Lessons for the Experimental Design and the Reproducibility of a Multitrophic Laboratory Microcosm
| Autor: | Annika Agatz, Roman Ashauer, Verena Riedl, Rachel Benstead |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Hydra
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Population 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Algae Chlorophyta Animals Environmental Chemistry education Ecosystem 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study biology Reproducibility of Results Ceriodaphnia dubia Repeatability Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Hydra viridissima Cladocera biology.organism_classification Culture Media Light intensity Research Design Environmental chemistry Environmental science Aeration Laboratories Microcosm |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 38:1120-1131 |
| ISSN: | 1552-8618 0730-7268 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/etc.4393 |
| Popis: | The need for an integrated risk assessment at an ecologically relevant scale (e.g., at the population/community levels) has been acknowledged. Multispecies systems with increased ecological complexity, however, are difficult if not impossible to reproduce. The laboratory-scale microcosm TriCosm (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Hydra viridissima) of intermediate complexity was developed for the reproducible assessment of chemical effects at the population/community levels. The system dynamics were repeatable in the short term, but interexperimental variation of algal dynamics in the long term triggered knock-on effects on grazer and predator populations. We present 20 experiments to assess the effects of 12 factors (test medium, vessel type/condition, shaking speed, light intensity/regime, inoculation density, medium preparation components, metal concentration/composition, buffering salt type/concentration) on algal growth in the TriCosm enclosure. Growth rates varied between ≤ 0 and 1.40 (± 0.21) and generally were greatest with increased shaking speed, light exposure, medium buffer, or aeration time. Treatments conducted in dishes with aseptically prepared, lightly buffered, and/or hardly aerated medium resulted in low growth rates. We found that inter-experimental variation of algal dynamics in the TriCosm was caused by a modification of medium preparation (omission of medium aeration) with the aim of reducing microbial contamination. Our findings highlight the facts that consistency in experimental procedures and in-depth understanding of system components are indispensable to achieve repeatability. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1-13. © 2019 SETAC. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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