Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Is Omnipresent in Elephants in European Zoos and an Asian Elephant Range Country
| Autor: | Hoornweg, Tabitha E, Schaftenaar, Willem, Maurer, Gilles, van den Doel, Petra B, Molenaar, Fieke M, Chamouard-Galante, Alexandre, Vercammen, Francis, Rutten, Victor P M G, de Haan, Cornelis A M, Immunologie, dI&I RA-I&I I&I, Virologie, dI&I I&I-1 |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Immunologie, dI&I RA-I&I I&I, Virologie, dI&I I&I-1, Virology |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
herpesviruses gB Asia 040301 veterinary sciences Range (biology) EEHV Elephants elephant lcsh:QR1-502 Zoology Antibody level Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Disease Biology Diagnostic tools Antibodies Viral Article lcsh:Microbiology Serology Animal Diseases Cell Line 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences immunoserology gH/gL Antigen SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being Viral Envelope Proteins Asian elephant Seroepidemiologic Studies Virology Juvenile Animals Humans Herpesviridae 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Herpesviridae Infections Europe 030104 developmental biology HEK293 Cells Infectious Diseases Herd biology.protein Animals Zoo Antibody Serostatus |
| Zdroj: | Viruses, Vol 13, Iss 283, p 283 (2021) Viruses Volume 13 Issue 2 Viruses, 13(2). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) Viruses-Basel, 13(2):283. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
| ISSN: | 1999-4915 |
| Popis: | Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHVs) may cause acute, often lethal, hemorrhagic disease (EEHV-HD) in young elephants. Prevalence of EEHV in different elephant populations is still largely unknown. In order to improve diagnostic tools for the detection of EEHV infections and to obtain insight into its spread among elephants, we developed novel ELISAs based on EEHV1A gB and gH/gL. Performance of the ELISAs was assessed using sera from 41 European zoo elephants and 69 semi-captive elephants from Laos, one of the Asian elephant range countries. Sera from all (sub)adult animals tested (≥5 years of age) showed high reactivity with both gB and gH/gL, indicating that EEHV prevalence has been highly underestimated so far. Reactivity towards the antigens was generally lower for sera of juvenile animals (1 > 5 years). Only one (juvenile) animal, which was sampled directly after succumbing to EEHV-HD, was found to be seronegative for EEHV. The two other EEHV-HD cases tested showed low antibody levels, suggesting that all three cases died upon a primary EEHV infection. In conclusion, our study suggests that essentially all (semi-)captive (sub)adult elephants in European zoos and in Laos carry EEHV, and that young elephants with low antibody levels are at risk of dying from EEHV-HD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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