Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution Associated with Blood Pressure and Self-Reported Hypertension in a Danish Cohort
| Autor: | Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Steen Solvang Jensen, Kim Overvad, Barbara Hoffmann, Anne Tjønneland, Matthias Ketzel, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Mette Sørensen, Martin Hvidberg |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty hypertension Time Factors nitrogen oxide Cross-sectional study Denmark Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis air pollution Air pollution Blood Pressure medicine.disease_cause Cohort Studies Risk Factors Environmental health Epidemiology Prevalence Humans Medicine Prospective Studies Cities skin and connective tissue diseases Prospective cohort study Vehicle Emissions Air Pollutants business.industry Research Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Emergency department Middle Aged humanities Cross-Sectional Studies Blood pressure Noise Transportation Cohort Regression Analysis epidemiology Female Nitrogen Oxides Seasons sense organs business Automobiles Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Health Perspectives Sørensen, M, Hoffmann, B, Hvidberg, M, Ketzel, M, Jensen, S S, Andersen, Z J, Tjønneland, A, Overvad, K & Raaschou-Nielsen, O L 2012, ' Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution associated with blood pressure and self-reported hypertension in a danish cohort ', Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 120, no. 3, pp. 418-24 . https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1103631 BASE-Bielefeld Academic Search Engine |
| ISSN: | 1552-9924 0091-6765 |
| Popis: | Background: Short-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with changes in blood pressure (BP) and emergency department visits for hypertension, but little is known about the effects of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution on BP and hypertension. Objectives: We studied whether long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with BP and hypertension. Methods: In 1993–1997, 57,053 participants 50–64 years of age were enrolled in a population-based cohort study. Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP, respectively) were measured at enrollment. Self-reported incident hypertension during a mean follow-up of 5.3 years was assessed by questionnaire. We used a validated dispersion model to estimate residential long-term nitrogen oxides (NOx), a marker of traffic-related air pollution, for the 1- and 5-year periods prior to enrollment and before a diagnosis of hypertension. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of associations between air pollution and BP at enrollment with linear regression, adjusting for traffic noise, measured short-term NOx, temperature, relative humidity, and potential lifestyle confounders (n = 44,436). We analyzed incident hypertension with Cox regression, adjusting for traffic noise and potential confounders. Results: A doubling of NOx exposure during 1- and 5-year periods preceding enrollment was associated with 0.53-mmHg decreases [95% confidence interval (CI): –0.88, –0.19 mmHg] and 0.50-mmHg decreases (95% CI: –0.84, –0.16 mmHg) in SBP, respectively. Long-term exposure also was associated with a lower prevalence of baseline self-reported hypertension (per doubling of 5-year mean NOx: odds ratio = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.00), whereas long-term NOx exposure was not associated with incident self-reported hypertension during follow-up. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution was associated with a slightly lower prevalence of BP at baseline, but was not associated with incident hypertension. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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