Fluoride and arsenic contamination in drinking water due to mining activities and its impact on local area population
| Autor: | Agha Arslan Wasim, Maria Taj Muhammad, Ahmet Furkan Kayis, Muhammad Nasiruddin Khan, Tasawar Ali Chandio, Ozcan Yalcinkaya |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Fluorosis
Dental Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Population chemistry.chemical_element 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Arsenic Toxicology chemistry.chemical_compound Fluorides medicine Environmental Chemistry Humans Pakistan education Groundwater 0105 earth and related environmental sciences education.field_of_study Drinking Water General Medicine Contamination medicine.disease Pollution Arsenic contamination of groundwater chemistry Environmental science Surface water Fluoride Dental fluorosis Water Pollutants Chemical Environmental Monitoring |
| Popis: | Contamination of arsenic and fluoride in drinking water reservoirs is a serious health issue in the Sibi district, Balochistan, Pakistan. The contamination has already been affecting a large population of the district. Dental fluorosis and dermatitis are the most common reported illnesses in the area. This study focused on the evaluation of the root causes and pathway by which it reached to the body. Questioner analysis, simple examination, and pictorial representation were used to study the prevalence of diseases caused by As and F. People of the Sibi district were found to consume both surface and groundwater, which were highly contaminated with arsenic and fluoride. The saturation index, ranging from 1 to 7, showed high enrichment of contaminants in both types of water. Geochemical calculations and the sodium absorption ratio were evaluated. High values of the saturation index of different salts showed high saturation of salts in water. The principal component analysis grouped the data into three clusters, showing that the surface water has no resemblance with the control water. High degree of contamination was observed for most of the samples, whereas, some samples of ground water were closed to the control group; a group of samples within WHO limits. The correlation studies and other calculations also revealed that the F and As reached lethal limits in the drinking water and thus caused severe health damage to the local area population. The diseases found in the area are fluorosis, keratosis, dermatitis, and melanosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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