Effects Of Endosulfan, Thiamethoxam, And Indoxacarb In Combination With Atrazine On Multi-Biomarkers In Gammarus Kischineffensis
| Autor: | Kemal Güven, Pelin Uğurlu, Özlem Demirci, Serdal Öğüt, Dilek Asma |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Insecticides
Time Factors Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0211 other engineering and technologies 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Biology medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Toxicology Lethal Dose 50 chemistry.chemical_compound Neonicotinoids Oxazines medicine Toxicity Tests Acute Animals Soil Pollutants Amphipoda Atrazine Endosulfan 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies Dose-Response Relationship Drug Indoxacarb Herbicides Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Neurotoxicity Drug Synergism General Medicine Pesticide medicine.disease Nitro Compounds Pollution Oxidative Stress Thiazoles chemistry Toxicity Thiamethoxam Oxidative stress Biomarkers Environmental Monitoring |
| Popis: | Studies addressing the toxicity of pesticides towards non-target organisms focus on the median lethal concentration and biochemical response of individual pesticides. However, when determining environmental risks, it is important to test the combined effects of pesticides, such as insecticides and herbicides, which are frequently used together in agricultural areas. Here we aimed to investigate the toxic effects of the combined use of the herbicide atrazine and the insecticides, endosulfan, indoxacarb, and thiamethoxam on Gammarus kischineffensis. To do this, we tested the activities of oxidative stress, detoxification, and neurotoxicity biomarkers. Compared to atrazine alone, we detected higher glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities (oxidative stress biomarkers) when atrazine was combined with either endosulfan or indoxacarb. However, higher IBR values were determined in organisms where pesticide mixtures were used according to individual use. Based on these results, mixtures of atrazine and other pesticides may cause synergistic effects and may be evidence of increased toxicity and oxidative stress. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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