Cognitive sciences to relate ear postures to emotions in sheep
| Autor: | Boissy, A., Aubert, A., Lara Désiré, Greiveldinger, L., Delval, E., Veissier, I. |
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| Přispěvatelé: | ProdInra, Migration, Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores (URH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CETE Ouest, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Behavior
General Veterinary [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] BEHAVIOUR [INFO] Computer Science [cs] General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences BIEN-ETRE ANIMAL [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] EMOTIONS EAR POSTURES SHEEP otorhinolaryngologic diseases EMOTION COGNITION Animal Science and Zoology [INFO]Computer Science [cs] ANIMAL WELFARE [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences POSITION DES OREILLES |
| Zdroj: | Animal Welfare Journal Animal Welfare Journal, Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, 2011, 20, pp.47-56 Animal Welfare Journal, Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, 2011, 20 (1), pp.47-56 Scopus-Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 0962-7286 |
| Popis: | Emotions are now largely recognised as a core element in animal welfare issues. However, convenient indicators to reliably infer emotions are still needed. As such, the availability of behavioural postures analogous to facial expressions in humans would be extremely valuable for animal studies of emotions. The purpose of this paper is to find out stable expressive postures in sheep and to relate these expressive postures with specific emotional contexts. In an initial experiment, we identified discrete ear postures from a comprehensive approach which integrates all theoretically distinguishable ear postures. Four main ear postures were identified: horizontal ears (P posture); ears risen up (R posture); ears pointed backward (B posture); and asymmetric posture (A posture). In a second experiment, we studied how these ear postures were affected by specific emotional states elicited by exposing sheep to experimental situations in which elementary characteristics (ie suddenness and unfamiliarity, negative contrast and controllability) were manipulated. We found that: i) the horizontal P posture corresponds to a neutral state; ii) sheep point their ears backward (B posture) when they face unfamiliar and unpleasant uncontrollable situations, hence likely to elicit fear; iii) they point their ears up (R posture) when facing similar negative situations but controllable, hence likely to elicit anger; and iv) they expressed the asymmetric A posture in very sudden situations, likely to elicit surprise. By cross-fostering psychological and ethological approaches, we are able to propose an interpretation of ear postures in sheep relative to their emotions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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