Long-term effects of microgravity and possible countermeasures
| Autor: | James W. Wolfe, John D. Rummel |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1992 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
Continuous rotation United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration Aerospace Engineering Weightlessness Countermeasure Centrifugation Humans Aerospace engineering Centrifuge Gravity Altered Spacecraft Weightlessness business.industry Space Station Freedom Astronomy and Astrophysics Equipment Design Space Flight Adaptation Physiological United States Term (time) On board Geophysics Space and Planetary Science Artificial gravity General Earth and Planetary Sciences Environmental science Weightlessness Countermeasures business USSR |
| Zdroj: | Advances in Space Research. 12:281-284 |
| ISSN: | 0273-1177 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0273-1177(92)90296-a |
| Popis: | It is well known that long-term exposure to microgravity causes a number of physiological and biochemical changes in humans; among the most significant are: 1) negative calcium balance resulting in the loss of bone; 2) atrophy of antigravity muscles; 3) fluid shifts and decreased plasma volume; and 4) cardiovascular deconditioning that leads to orthostatic intolerance. It is estimated that a mission to Mars may require up to 300 days in a microgravity environment; in the case of an aborted mission, the astronauts may have to remain in reduced gravity for up to three years. Although the Soviet Union has shown that exercise countermeasures appear to be adequate for exposures of up to one year in space, it is questionable whether astronauts could or should have to maintain such regimes for extremely prolonged missions. Therefore, the NASA Life Sciences Division has initiated a program designed to evaluate a number of methods for providing an artificial gravity environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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