Phonological ambiguity detection outside of consciousness, and its defensive avoidance
| Autor: | R.K. Kushwaha, Linda A. W. Brakel, Ariane Bazan, Howard Shevrin, J. Michael Snodgrass, E. Samuel Winer |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
avoidance
Unconscious mind media_common.quotation_subject [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] unconscious [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology consciousness 050105 experimental psychology Prime (order theory) lcsh:RC321-571 [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience [SCCO]Cognitive science 0302 clinical medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences N320 subliminal [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics Control (linguistics) lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Biological Psychiatry ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS Original Research media_common 05 social sciences Subliminal stimuli Phonology Ambiguity Arbitrariness defense phonology Psychiatry and Mental health Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Neurology Psycholinguistique ambiguity [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] Consciousness Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroscience Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Frontiers, 2019, ⟨10.3389/fnhum.2019.00077⟩ Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Vol 13 (2019) Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 13 (77 |
| ISSN: | 1662-5161 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00077⟩ |
| Popis: | Freud proposes that in unconscious processing, logical connections are also (heavily) based upon phonological similarities. Repressed concerns, for example, would also be expressed by way of phonologic ambiguity. In order to investigate a possible unconscious influence of phonological similarity, 31 participants were submitted to a tachistoscopic subliminal priming experiment, with prime and target presented at 1 ms. In the experimental condition, the prime and one of the 2 targets were phonological reversed forms of each other, though graphemically dissimilar (e.g., "nice" and "sign"); in the control condition the targets were pseudo-randomly attributed to primes to which they don't belong. The experimental task was to "blindly" pick the choice most similar to the prime. ERPs were measured with a focus on the N320, which is known to react selectively to phonological mismatch in supraliminal visual word presentations. The N320 amplitude-effects at the electrodes on the midline and at the left of the brain significantly predicted the participants' net behavioral choices more than half a second later, while their subjective experience is one of arbitrariness. Moreover, the social desirability score (SDS) significantly correlates with both the behavioral and the N320 brain responses of the participants. It is proposed that in participants with low SDS the phonological target induces an expected reduction of N320 and this increases their probability to pick this target. In contrast, high defensive participants have a perplexed brain reaction upon the phonological target, with a negatively peaking N320 as compared to control and this leads them to avoid this target more often. Social desirability, which is understood as reflecting defensiveness, might also manifest itself as a defense against the (energy-consuming) ambiguity of language. The specificity of this study is that all of this is happening totally out of awareness and at the level of very elementary linguistic distinctions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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