BSE infectivity survives burial for five years with only limited spread
Autor: | Ben C. Maddison, Karen Fernie, Nora Hunter, Allister Smith, Robert A. Somerville, Keith Bishop, Kevin C. Gough |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Veterinary medicine
PrPSc Proteins animal diseases Bovine spongiform encephalopathy Scrapie Biology Soil 03 medical and health sciences Virology medicine Animals Bioassay 030304 developmental biology Infectivity 0303 health sciences Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy 030306 microbiology Brain General Medicine Chronic wasting disease medicine.disease Soil type Encephalopathy Bovine Spongiform Original Article Cattle |
Zdroj: | Archives of Virology Somerville, R A, Fernie, K, Smith, A, Bishop, K, Maddison, B C, Gough, K C & Hunter, N 2019, ' BSE infectivity survives burial for five years with only limited spread ', Archives of Virology . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-019-04154-8 |
ISSN: | 1432-8798 0304-8608 |
Popis: | The carcasses of animals infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), scrapie or chronic wasting disease (CWD) that remain in the environment (exposed or buried) may continue to act as reservoirs of infectivity. We conducted two experiments under near-field conditions to investigate the survival and dissemination of BSE infectivity after burial in a clay or sandy soil. BSE infectivity was either contained within a bovine skull or buried as an uncontained bolus of BSE-infected brain. Throughout the five-year period of the experiment, BSE infectivity was recovered in similar amounts from heads exhumed annually from both types of soil. Very low levels of infectivity were detected in the soil immediately surrounding the heads, but not in samples remote from them. Similarly, there was no evidence of significant lateral movement of infectivity from the buried bolus over 4 years although there was a little vertical movement in both directions. However, bioassay analysis of limited numbers of samples of rain water that had drained through the bolus clay lysimeter indicated that infectivity was present in filtrates. sPMCA analysis also detected low levels of PrPSc in the filtrates up to 25 months following burial, raising the concern that leakage of infectivity into ground water could occur. We conclude that transmissible spongiform encephalopathy infectivity is likely to survive burial for long periods of time, but not to migrate far from the site of burial unless a vector or rain water drainage transports it. Risk assessments of contaminated sites should take these findings into account. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00705-019-04154-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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