Gene Phenotypes: The Role Can't Be Ignored in Etiology of Dental Caries

Autor: Peiqi Meng, Lu Gao, Feng Chen
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: EBioMedicine
EBioMedicine, Vol 27, Iss C, Pp 9-10 (2018)
ISSN: 2352-3964
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.12.009
Popis: Dental caries is a chronic infectious disease that affects billions of people with large individual differences in activity. We investigated whether PRH1 and PRH2 polymorphisms in saliva acidic proline-rich protein (PRP) receptors for indigenous bacteria match and predict individual differences in the development of caries. PRH1 and PRH2 variation and adhesion of indigenous and cariogenic (Streptococcus mutans) model bacteria were measured in 452 12-year-old Swedish children along with traditional risk factors and related to caries at baseline and after 5-years. The children grouped into low-to-moderate and high susceptibility phenotypes for caries based on allelic PRH1, PRH2 variation. The low-to-moderate susceptibility children (P1 and P4a−) experienced caries from eating sugar or bad oral hygiene or infection by S. mutans. The high susceptibility P4a (Db, PIF, PRP12) children had more caries despite receiving extra prevention and irrespective of eating sugar or bad oral hygiene or S. mutans-infection. They instead developed 3.9-fold more caries than P1 children from plaque accumulation in general when treated with orthodontic multibrackets; and had basic PRP polymorphisms and low DMBT1-mediated S. mutans adhesion as additional susceptibility traits. The present findings thus suggest genetic autoimmune-like (P4a) and traditional life style (P1) caries, providing a rationale for individualized oral care.
Highlights • Allelic PRH1, PRH2 variation group children into high, moderate and low susceptibility phenotypes for caries. • Low susceptibility phenotypes experience caries from eating sugar and bad oral hygiene and infection by cariogenic S. mutans. • High susceptibility phenotypes may represent an autoimmune condition susceptible to bacteria in general. Dental caries is a chronic infectious disease affecting billions of people with large individual differences in activity. The present study provides the first evidence of variation in specific human genes, PRH1 and PRH2, that matches and predicts individual experiences with caries in children. The high susceptibility phenotype (Db, PIF, PRP12) suggests an autoimmune-like condition, whereas those with low susceptibility (PIF2, PRP12) experiences caries from eating sugar and bad oral hygiene. These genetic and traditional life style sub types of caries suggest novel approaches for their diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: