Multiculturalism is good for flies, too…
| Autor: | Giovanni Bosco, Julianna Bozler, Balint Z. Kacsoh |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male Cancer Research Oviposition Wasps Communal living Social Sciences Cell Communication Learning and Memory Cyclic AMP Medicine and Health Sciences Psychology Animal Signaling and Communication Genetics (clinical) Neuronal Plasticity biology Animal Behavior Drosophila Melanogaster Eukaryota Animal Models Smell Insects Ovaries Professions Experimental Organism Systems Caspases Female Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Anatomy Research Article Cell Physiology lcsh:QH426-470 Arthropoda Research and Analysis Methods Host-Parasite Interactions 03 medical and health sciences Human Learning Model Organisms Memory Genetics Animals Learning Drosophila (subgenus) Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Mushroom Bodies Behavior fungi Organisms Cognitive Psychology Reproductive System Correction Biology and Life Sciences Teachers Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Invertebrates Hymenoptera Animal Communication lcsh:Genetics 030104 developmental biology Evolutionary biology People and Places Oocytes Cognitive Science Population Groupings Zoology Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Genetics PLoS Genetics, Vol 14, Iss 11, p e1007825 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 1553-7404 |
| Popis: | Many species are able to share information about their environment by communicating through auditory, visual, and olfactory cues. In Drosophila melanogaster, exposure to parasitoid wasps leads to a decline in egg laying, and exposed females communicate this threat to naïve flies, which also depress egg laying. We find that species across the genus Drosophila respond to wasps by egg laying reduction, activate cleaved caspase in oocytes, and communicate the presence of wasps to naïve individuals. Communication within a species and between closely related species is efficient, while more distantly related species exhibit partial communication. Remarkably, partial communication between some species is enhanced after a cohabitation period that requires exchange of visual and olfactory signals. This interspecies “dialect learning” requires neuronal cAMP signaling in the mushroom body, suggesting neuronal plasticity facilitates dialect learning and memory. These observations establish Drosophila as genetic models for interspecies social communication and evolution of dialects. Author summary In this study, we find that many different Drosophila species never having been exposed to parasitoid wasps can trigger caspase activation in the ovary and depress egg-laying when placed next to flies that had visual experience with wasps. Interestingly, when teacher flies of one species are placed with a student of a different species, communication exists, to varying degrees, which seems dependent on evolutionary relatedness. Cohabitation of two species that can partially communicate can learn each other’s “dialect”, yielding effective interspecies communication. There are various inputs involved in dialect learning, including the presence of visual and olfactory cues and memory functions, including genes implicated in social learning defects in murine models, such as PTEN. The neuroplasticity of adult Drosophila allows for learning of dialects, but the specific dialect learned is dependent on social interactions exclusive to a communal environmental context, which provides both visual and olfactory inputs. We find flies can communicate with one another about an anticipated danger, which is suggestive of a fly “language.” The presence of a neurologically plastic system, allowing for social learning, can subsequently lead to a dramatic physiological response, requiring active learning and memory formation through integration of multiple inputs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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