Synaptic Correlates of Low-Level Perception in V1
| Autor: | Marc Pananceau, Pedro V. Carelli, Florian Gerard-Mercier, Xoana G. Troncoso, Yves Frégnac |
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| Přispěvatelé: | École polytechnique (X), Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan, Unité de Neurosciences Information et Complexité [Gif sur Yvette] (UNIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Visual perception genetic structures [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology Motion Perception MESH: Neurons Visual system MESH: Synapses 0302 clinical medicine Form perception Anesthesia MESH: Animals primary visual cortex MESH: Brain Mapping Visual Cortex Neurons Brain Mapping [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior General Neuroscience MESH: Retina [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences Articles Visual field MESH: Nonlinear Dynamics medicine.anatomical_structure MESH: Photic Stimulation MESH: Motion Perception Visual Perception MESH: Cats Psychology Algorithms MESH: Algorithms MESH: Anesthesia horizontal connectivity Retina 03 medical and health sciences Reaction Time medicine Animals Visual Pathways synaptic receptive field MESH: Form Perception Motion perception MESH: Visual Pathways MESH: Visual Perception MESH: Visual Cortex Saccadic masking MESH: Reaction Time Form Perception 030104 developmental biology Visual cortex Nonlinear Dynamics Receptive field perceptual association field Synapses Cats apparent motion sensitivity MESH: Anisotropy Anisotropy Visual Fields MESH: Visual Fields Neuroscience Photic Stimulation 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Neuroscience Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, 2016, 36 (14), pp.3925-3942. ⟨10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4492-15.2016⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0270-6474 1529-2401 |
| DOI: | 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4492-15.2016⟩ |
| Popis: | The computational role of primary visual cortex (V1) in low-level perception remains largely debated. A dominant view assumes the prevalence of higher cortical areas and top-down processes in binding information across the visual field. Here, we investigated the role of long-distance intracortical connections in form and motion processing by measuring, with intracellular recordings, their synaptic impact on neurons in area 17 (V1) of the anesthetized cat. By systematically mapping synaptic responses to stimuli presented in the nonspiking surround of V1 receptive fields, we provide the first quantitative characterization of the lateral functional connectivity kernel of V1 neurons. Our results revealed at the population level two structural-functional biases in the synaptic integration and dynamic association properties of V1 neurons. First, subthreshold responses to oriented stimuli flashed in isolation in the nonspiking surround exhibited a geometric organization around the preferred orientation axis mirroring the psychophysical “association field” for collinear contour perception. Second, apparent motion stimuli, for which horizontal and feedforward synaptic inputs summed in-phase, evoked dominantly facilitatory nonlinear interactions, specifically during centripetal collinear activation along the preferred orientation axis, at saccadic-like speeds. This spatiotemporal integration property, which could constitute the neural correlate of a human perceptual bias in speed detection, suggests that local (orientation) and global (motion) information is already linked within V1. We propose the existence of a “dynamic association field” in V1 neurons, whose spatial extent and anisotropy are transiently updated and reshaped as a function of changes in the retinal flow statistics imposed during natural oculomotor exploration.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe computational role of primary visual cortex in low-level perception remains debated. The expression of this “pop-out” perception is often assumed to require attention-related processes, such as top-down feedback from higher cortical areas. Using intracellular techniques in the anesthetized cat and novel analysis methods, we reveal unexpected structural-functional biases in the synaptic integration and dynamic association properties of V1 neurons. These structural-functional biases provide a substrate, within V1, for contour detection and, more unexpectedly, global motion flow sensitivity at saccadic speed, even in the absence of attentional processes. We argue for the concept of a “dynamic association field” in V1 neurons, whose spatial extent and anisotropy changes with retinal flow statistics, and more generally for a renewed focus on intracortical computation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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