Risk factors of African swine fever virus in suspected infected pigs in smallholder farming systems in South-Kivu province, Democratic Republic of Congo
| Autor: | Ciza Arsène Mushagalusa, Lucilla Steinaa, Bisimwa Basengere, Michel M. Dione, Juliette R. Ongus, Patrick N. Bisimwa |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Veterinary medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Swine diagnosis 040301 veterinary sciences Sus scrofa Disease Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction African swine fever virus Virus 0403 veterinary science 03 medical and health sciences Risk Factors Virology Epidemiology Prevalence domestic pigs medicine Animals Animal Husbandry 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences General Veterinary biology Transmission (medicine) business.industry transmission 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Odds ratio Animal husbandry biology.organism_classification African Swine Fever Virus DNA Viral Democratic Republic of the Congo Original Article epidemiology Viral disease African swine fever business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Veterinary Science |
| ISSN: | 1976-555X 1229-845X |
| DOI: | 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e35 |
| Popis: | Background African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious viral disease of domestic pigs that presents as a hemorrhagic fever, and for which no effective vaccine is available. The disease has a serious negative social and economic impact on pig keepers. There is limited information on the potential risk factors responsible for the spread of ASF in South Kivu. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the potential risk factors associated with ASF infection in suspected ASF virus (ASFV)-infected pigs. Methods We sampled whole blood from 391 pigs. Additionally, 300 pig farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Viral DNA was detected by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Results The majority of pigs sampled, 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 74.4-82.6), were of local breeds. Over half, 60.4% (95% CI, 55.5-65.2), were female, and most of them, 90.5% (95% CI, 87.6-93.4), were adult pigs (> 1 year old). Viral DNA was detected in 72 of the 391 sampled pigs, indicating an overall infection rate of 18.4% (95% CI, 14.5-22.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed several risk factors positively associated with ASFV infection: feeding with swill in pen (odds ratio [OR], 3.8; 95% CI, 2.12-6.77); mixed ages of pigs in the same pen (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.99-5.57); introduction of new animals to the farm (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.91-15.28). The risk factors that were negatively (protective) correlated with ASFV positivity were the presence of male animals and the use of an in-pen breeding system. Conclusion Local pig farmers should be encouraged to adopt proper husbandry and feeding practices in order to increase the number of ASF-free farms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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