Estimates of Inhalation Exposures to Oil-Related Components on the Supporting Vessels During the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Autor: | Mark Stenzel, Gurumurthy Ramachandran, Lawrence S. Engel, Dale P. Sandler, Sudipto Banerjee, Patricia A. Stewart, Caroline P Groth, Aaron Blair, Tran Huynh, Richard K. Kwok |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Hydrology
Xylene Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health BTEX Original Articles 010501 environmental sciences 030210 environmental & occupational health 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine chemistry Deepwater horizon Wellhead Oil spill Petroleum Environmental science 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Arithmetic mean Exposure assessment |
Zdroj: | Ann Work Expo Health |
Popis: | The Deepwater Horizon oil spill response and clean-up (OSRC) involved over 9000 large and small vessels deployed in waters of the Gulf of Mexico across four states (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi). For the GuLF STUDY, we developed exposure estimates of oil-related components for many work groups to capture a wide range of OSRC operations on these vessels, such as supporting the four rig vessels charged with stopping the spill at the wellhead; skimming oil; in situ burning of oil; absorbing and containing oil by boom; and environmental monitoring. Work groups were developed by: (i) vessel activity; (ii) location (area of the Gulf or state); and (iii) time period. Using Bayesian methods, we computed exposure estimates for these groups for: total hydrocarbons measured as total petroleum hydrocarbons (THC), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and n-hexane (BTEX-H). Estimates of the arithmetic means for THC ranged from 0.10 ppm [95% credible interval (CI) 0.04, 0.38 ppm] in time periods 2 and 3 (16 July–30 September 2010) to 15.06 ppm (95% CI 10.74, 22.41 ppm) in time period 1a (22 April–15 May 2010). BTEX-H estimates were substantially lower (in the parts per billion range). Exposure levels generally fell over time and differed statistically by activity, location, and time for some groups. These exposure estimates have been used to develop job–exposure matrices for the GuLF STUDY. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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