Iodine Nutrition in the United States. Trends and Public Health Implications: Iodine Excretion Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971–1974 and 1988–1994)
| Autor: | Dayton T. Miller, Elaine W. Gunter, W. Harry Hannon, Paul Garbe, Lewis E. Braverman, David M. DeLozier, Sam Pino, Richard J. Jackson, Glen F. Maberly, Dana Flanders, Norman W. Staehling, Joseph G. Hollowell |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Gerontology medicine.medical_specialty Goiter Adolescent Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Biochemistry Population chemistry.chemical_element Urine Iodine Biochemistry Excretion Endocrinology Animal science Pregnancy Internal medicine Epidemiology medicine Humans Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Child education Aged education.field_of_study business.industry Osmolar Concentration Biochemistry (medical) Middle Aged Nutrition Surveys medicine.disease Iodine deficiency United States chemistry Female Public Health business |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 83:3401-3408 |
| ISSN: | 1945-7197 0021-972X |
| Popis: | Iodine deficiency in a population causes increased prevalence of goiter and, more importantly, may increase the risk for intellectual deficiency in that population. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys [NHANES I (1971-1974) and (NHANES III (1988-1994)] measured urinary iodine (UI) concentrations. UI concentrations are an indicator of the adequacy of iodine intake for a population. The median UI concentrations in iodine-sufficient populations should be greater than 10 microg/dL, and no more than 20% of the population should have UI concentrations less than 5 microg/dL. Median UI concentrations from both NHANES I and NHANES III indicate adequate iodine intake for the overall U.S. population, but the median concentration decreased more than 50% between 1971-1974 (32.0+/-0.6 microg/dL) and 1988-1994 (14.5+/-0.3 microg/dL). Low UI concentrations (5 microg/dL) were found in 11.7% of the 1988-1994 population, a 4.5-fold increase over the proportion in the 1971-1974 population. The percentage of people excreting low concentrations of iodine (UI,5 microg/dL) increased in all age groups. In pregnant women, 6.7%, and in women of child-bearing age, 14.9% had UI concentrations below 5 microg/dL. The findings in 1988-1994, although not indicative of iodine deficiency in the overall U.S. population, define a trend that must be monitored. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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