Sustained Malaria Control Over an 8-Year Period in Papua New Guinea: The Challenge of Low-Density Asymptomatic Plasmodium Infections
| Autor: | Maria Ome-Kaius, Cristian Koepfli, James W. Kazura, Shadrach Jally, Lincoln Timinao, Jason Ginny, Johanna H Kattenberg, Ivo Mueller, Michael T. White, Patricia Rarau, Nicolas Senn, Alyssa E. Barry, Elisheba Malau, Samuel Maripal, Thomas Obadia, Leanne J. Robinson |
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| Přispěvatelé: | The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), University of Melbourne, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research (PNG-IMR), Malaria : parasites et hôtes - Malaria : parasites and hosts, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Burnet Institute [Melbourne, Victoria], This work was supported by the International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (grant U19 AI089686), the TransEPI consortium, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the NHMRC (grant 1021544, early career fellowship 1016443 to L. J. R.), the Victorian State Government, through operational infrastructure support, the Australian Government NHMRC IRIISS, the Swiss National Science Foundation (fellowship P2BSP3_151880 to C. K.), the Medical Research Council (population health scientist fellowship to M. W.), and the NHMRC (senior research fellowship to I.M.)., University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
MESH: Parasitemia Plasmodium MESH: Topography Medical temporal trend Plasmodium vivax Geographic Mapping Parasitemia MESH: Infection Control 0302 clinical medicine MESH: Child Prevalence Immunology and Allergy Malaria Falciparum MESH: Geographic Mapping Child Asymptomatic Infections MESH: Plasmodium falciparum education.field_of_study biology MESH: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Incidence (epidemiology) MESH: Malaria Falciparum MESH: Genome Protozoan 3. Good health MESH: Plasmodium vivax Infectious Diseases Blood Topography Medical medicine.symptom Malaria control 030231 tropical medicine Population MESH: Malaria Plasmodium falciparum MESH: Asymptomatic Infections MESH: DNA Protozoan Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Asymptomatic 03 medical and health sciences Major Articles and Brief Reports Papua New Guinea MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies submicroscopic parasitic diseases medicine Gametocyte MESH: Blood Malaria Vivax asymptomatic Humans Parasites education MESH: Papua New Guinea MESH: Life Cycle Stages MESH: Prevalence Infection Control Life Cycle Stages MESH: Humans business.industry MESH: Plasmodium MESH: Malaria Vivax DNA Protozoan medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Malaria 030104 developmental biology Cross-Sectional Studies gametocyte Immunology [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie business Genome Protozoan |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases Journal of Infectious Diseases Journal of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), 2017, 216 (11), pp.1434-1443. ⟨10.1093/infdis/jix507⟩ Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2017, 216 (11), pp.1434-1443. ⟨10.1093/infdis/jix507⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/jix507⟩ |
| Popis: | Continuous malaria control in Papua New Guinea has resulted in a marked decline of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax prevalence. Yet, an increasing proportion of submicroscopic infections, many of them carrying gametocytes, demands for novel strategies to target residual transmission. Background The scale-up of effective malaria control in the last decade has resulted in a substantial decline in the incidence of clinical malaria in many countries. The effects on the proportions of asymptomatic and submicroscopic infections and on transmission potential are yet poorly understood. Methods In Papua New Guinea, vector control has been intensified since 2008, and improved diagnosis and treatment was introduced in 2012. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Madang Province in 2006 (with 1280 survey participants), 2010 (with 2117 participants), and 2014 (with 2516 participants). Infections were quantified by highly sensitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and gametocytes were quantified by reverse-transcription qPCR analysis. Results Plasmodium falciparum prevalence determined by qPCR decreased from 42% in 2006 to 9% in 2014. The P. vivax prevalence decreased from 42% in 2006 to 13% in 2010 but then increased to 20% in 2014. Parasite densities decreased 5-fold from 2006 to 2010; 72% of P. falciparum and 87% of P. vivax infections were submicroscopic in 2014. Gametocyte density and positivity correlated closely with parasitemia, and population gametocyte prevalence decreased 3-fold for P. falciparum and 29% for P. vivax from 2010 to 2014. Conclusions Sustained control has resulted in reduced malaria transmission potential, but an increasing proportion of gametocyte carriers are asymptomatic and submicroscopic and represent a challenge to malaria control. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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