Breeding Tetraploid Paspalum simplex : Hybridization, Early Identification of Apomicts, and Impact of Apomixis on Hybrid Performance

Autor: Mario Hugo Urbani, Elsa Andrea Brugnoli, Alex Leonel Zilli, Carlos Alberto Acuña, Eric Javier Martínez, S. C. Ferrari Usandizaga
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Crop Science. 59:1617-1624
ISSN: 1435-0653
0011-183X
DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2018.12.0771
Popis: Apomictic grasses predominate among tropical forages, and specific breeding techniques are needed for their genetic improvement. The objectives were to: 1- generate hybrids by crossing tetraploid sexual and apomictic Paspalum simplex genotypes, 2- develop a technique based on molecular markers for early identification of apomictic hybrids, and 3- determine the relationship between mode of reproduction and performance of hybrids. Crosses were made between two induced sexual and seven apomictic tetraploid plants. Identification of apomictic hybrids during seedling stage was performed using a marker linked to apomixis, and by flow cytometric seed analysis (FCSA). Hybrids were evaluated under field conditions for plant diameter and height, initial regrowth, and seasonal regrowth during two consecutive growing seasons. Sexual tetraploid plants used as female parents behaved as allogamous since 95% of the progeny had male-specific markers. The ratio between apomictic and sexual hybrids differed among crosses from 1:8.7 and 1:0.6 among crosses, with a mean of 1:2.4. There was a 96% coincidence between the use of the apomixis?linked marker and FCSA. A technique based on the use of an early DNA isolation and the amplification of a molecular marker linked to apomixis was developed. We found no overall difference between apomictic and sexual hybrids for the evaluated traits, except for fall regrowth in the first year, for which apomictic hybrids were superior. Generation of large tetraploid hybrid progenies is possible in P. simplex. Segregation for mode of reproduction depends on parents involved. Agronomic performance is not related to reproductive mode among tetraploid hybrids. Fil: Brugnoli, Elsa Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Martínez, Eric Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Ferrari Usandizaga, Silvana Consuelo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina Fil: Zilli, Alex Leonel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Urbani, Mario Hugo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Acuña, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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