Efficacy of ceftiofur for treatment of experimental salmonellosis in neonatal calves
| Autor: | Carlos R. Alcantar, Natalie S. Tankersley, John K. House, Monica M. Ontiveros, Susan F. Kotarski, Bradford Smith, Marie-Eve Fecteau |
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| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Serotype
Salmonella media_common.quotation_subject Cattle Diseases Biology medicine.disease_cause Feces Animal science Drug Resistance Bacterial medicine Mesenteric lymph nodes Animals media_common Treated group Salmonella Infections Animal General Veterinary Dose-Response Relationship Drug Appetite General Medicine Cephalosporins Diarrhea medicine.anatomical_structure Treatment Outcome Animals Newborn Cattle medicine.symptom Ceftiofur |
| Zdroj: | American journal of veterinary research. 64(7) |
| ISSN: | 0002-9645 |
| Popis: | Objective—To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of a high extralabel dose of ceftiofur for treatment of experimental salmonellosis in neonatal calves.Animals—Forty-two 1- to 4-day-old Holstein bull calves.Procedure—36 calves were orally challenged withSalmonella enteriticaserovar Typhimurium (6.5 × 108colony-forming units). Six additional calves were retained as nonmedicated nonchallenged control calves. Four days followingSalmonellachallenge, surviving calves were randomly allocated to ceftiofurtreated (5 mg/kg, IM, q 24 h) or nonmedicated control groups. Calves assigned to the treated group were medicated daily for 5 days starting on day 4 after challenge. Calves were monitored for 18 days followingSalmonellachallenge. Outcome assessments included clinical parameters (attitude, appetite, fecal characteristics, and rectal temperature), mortality rate, and quantitativeSalmonellaculture of fecal samples, mesenteric lymph nodes, and cecal contents.Results—Ceftiofur treatment was associated with a significant decrease in rectal temperature and diarrhea. Three of 15 medicated calves and 4 of 14 nonmedicated calves died or were euthanatized between days 4 and 18. A significant decrease in fecal shedding ofSalmonellaorganisms was observed in treated calves, compared with non-medicated calves.Salmonellaorganisms were isolated from all 10 nonmedicated calves at necropsy, whereas noSalmonellaorganisms were isolated from 5 of 12 medicated calves.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Treatment of salmonellosis in neonatal calves with a high extralabel dose of ceftiofur (5 mg/kg, IM, q 24 h) promotes animal welfare, reduces fecal shedding ofSalmonellaorganisms, and may promote clearance ofSalmonellainfections when plasma ceftiofur concentrations are maintained above minimal inhibitory concentrations. (Am J Vet Res2003;64:918–925) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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