Protective effects of apocynin and allopurinol on ischemia/reperfusion-induced liver injury in mice
| Autor: | Jian Wu, Yan Hong Zhang, Ping Guo Liu, Song Qing He |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Xanthine Oxidase
medicine.drug_class Allopurinol Apoptosis Pharmacology Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Superoxides Malondialdehyde medicine Animals cardiovascular diseases Warm Ischemia Enzyme Inhibitors Xanthine oxidase Xanthine oxidase inhibitor Liver injury Mice Inbred ICR NADPH oxidase biology Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Chemistry Superoxide Gastroenterology Acetophenones NADPH Oxidases General Medicine medicine.disease Glutathione Basic Research Liver Biochemistry Reperfusion Injury Apocynin biology.protein Reperfusion injury medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14:2832 |
| ISSN: | 1007-9327 |
| DOI: | 10.3748/wjg.14.2832 |
| Popis: | AIM: To determine the effects of allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, and apocynin, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, on oxidant stress and liver injury caused by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) procedure in mice. METHODS: Mice were pretreated with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, allopurinol, or NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor, apocynin before the hepatic I/R procedure. Then treated or untreated mice underwent the hepatic I/R procedure. The effects on hepatic injury and superoxide anions were determined after starting reperfusion. RESULTS: A standard warm hepatic I/R procedure led to a marked increase in superoxide anion production as indicated by a superoxide anion tracer, MCLA. At the same time, the procedure caused profound acute liver injury, as indicated by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, reduced liver glutathione levels and elevated malondialdehyde contents, as well as a high apoptotic cell count. All these changes were reversed by the use of apocynin or allopurinol prior to the hepatic I/R procedure. CONCLUSION: Allopurinol and apocynin exerted protective effects on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. The protection is associated with blocking the generation of superoxide anions during the hepatic I/R procedure by inhibiting xanthine oxidase and NADPH oxidase activity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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