Psychosocial stress induces working memory impairments in an n-back paradigm
| Autor: | Oliver T. Wolf, Diana Preuß, Daniela Schoofs |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Hydrocortisone Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Effects of stress on memory Short-term memory Audiology Developmental psychology Endocrinology Memory Task Performance and Analysis Reaction Time medicine Trier social stress test Humans Memory disorder Saliva Biological Psychiatry n-back Analysis of Variance Memory Disorders Endocrine and Autonomic Systems Working memory Cognition medicine.disease Affect Psychiatry and Mental health medicine.anatomical_structure alpha-Amylases Psychology Stress Psychological Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis |
| Zdroj: | Psychoneuroendocrinology. 33:643-653 |
| ISSN: | 0306-4530 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.02.004 |
| Popis: | In contrast to the substantial number of studies investigating the effects of stress on declarative memory, effects of stress on working memory have received less attention. We compared working memory (numerical n-back task with single digits) in 40 men exposed either to psychosocial stress (Trier Social Stress Test (TSST)) or a control condition. Task difficulty was varied using two conditions (2-back vs. 3-back). Salivary cortisol (as a marker of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity) and salivary alpha-amylase (sAA as a marker of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity) were assessed immediately before and three times after the stress or control condition. As expected stress resulted in an increase in cortisol, sAA, and negative affect. Subjects exposed to stress showed significant working memory impairments in both workload conditions. The analysis of variance indicated a main effect of stress for reaction time as well as accuracy. In addition, for reaction time a stress-block interaction occurred. Follow up tests revealed that only during the first block at each level of difficulty performance was significantly impaired by stress. Thus, the effects of stress became smaller the longer the task was performed. Results provide further evidence for impaired working memory after acute stress and illustrate the time course of this phenomenon. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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