Modulation of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by Rho GTPases
| Autor: | Heiani Touaitahuata, Anne Blangy, Virginie Vives |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Centre de recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (CRBM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1) |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
musculoskeletal diseases
rho GTP-Binding Proteins Podosome [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Osteoclasts [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology Review Biology Biochemistry Bone resorption Bone remodeling 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Osteoclast Bone cell medicine Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Humans Bone Resorption cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Actin cytoskeleton reorganization RANK Ligand Bone metastasis Cell Differentiation Cell Biology medicine.disease Actins Cell biology rac GTP-Binding Proteins medicine.anatomical_structure Cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis |
| Zdroj: | Small GTPases Small GTPases, Taylor & Francis, 2014, 5 (1), pp.e28119. ⟨10.4161/sgtp.28119⟩ |
| ISSN: | 2154-1256 |
| DOI: | 10.4161/sgtp.28119⟩ |
| Popis: | Bone is a dynamic tissue constantly renewed through a regulated balance between bone formation and resorption. Excessive bone degradation by osteoclasts leads to pathological decreased bone density characteristic of osteolytic diseases such as post-menopausal osteoporosis or bone metastasis. Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells via a complex differentiation process. Their unique ability to resorb bone is dependent on the formation of the actin-rich sealing zone. Within this adhesion structure, the plasma membrane differentiates into the ruffled border where protons and proteases are secreted to demineralize and degrade bone, respectively. On the bone surface, mature osteoclasts alternate between stationary resorptive and migratory phases. These are associated with profound actin cytoskeleton reorganization, until osteoclasts die of apoptosis. In this review, we highlight the role of Rho GTPases in all the steps of osteoclasts differentiation, function, and death and conclude on their interest as targets for treatment of osteolytic pathologies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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