Molecular functions of the iron-regulated metastasis suppressor, NDRG1, and its potential as a molecular target for cancer therapy
| Autor: | Bernard A. M. Fang, Sumit Sahni, Des R. Richardson, Žaklina Kovačević, Darius J.R. Lane, Danuta S. Kalinowski, Patric J. Jansson, Kyung Chan Park |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Angiogenesis Molecular Sequence Data EGR1 Embryonic Development Cell Cycle Proteins Biology medicine.disease_cause Thiamine triphosphatase Neoplasms Lipid biosynthesis Genetics medicine Animals Humans PTEN Trypsin Metastasis suppressor ROCK1 Amino Acid Sequence Tumor Suppressor Proteins Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Cell Differentiation Protein Structure Tertiary Oncology Cancer research biology.protein Carcinogenesis |
| Zdroj: | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 1845:1-19 |
| ISSN: | 0304-419X |
| Popis: | N-myc down-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a known metastasis suppressor in multiple cancers, being also involved in embryogenesis and development, cell growth and differentiation, lipid biosynthesis and myelination, stress responses and immunity. In addition to its primary role as a metastasis suppressor, NDRG1 can also influence other stages of carcinogenesis, namely angiogenesis and primary tumour growth. NDRG1 is regulated by multiple effectors in normal and neoplastic cells, including N-myc, histone acetylation, hypoxia, cellular iron levels and intracellular calcium. Further, studies have found that NDRG1 is up-regulated in neoplastic cells after treatment with novel iron chelators, which are a promising therapy for effective cancer management. Although the pathways by which NDRG1 exerts its functions in cancers have been documented, the relationship between the molecular structure of this protein and its functions remains unclear. In fact, recent studies suggest that, in certain cancers, NDRG1 is post-translationally modified, possibly by the activity of endogenous trypsins, leading to a subsequent alteration in its metastasis suppressor activity. This review describes the role of this important metastasis suppressor and discusses interesting unresolved issues regarding this protein. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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