Mechanisms and Potential Roles of Glucose-Lowering Agents in COVID-19: A Review
| Autor: | Helen D. Berlie, Linda A. Jaber, Pramodini B Kale-Pradhan, Tara Orzechowski |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Glucose lowering
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) SARS-CoV-2 business.industry Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 030209 endocrinology & metabolism 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology medicine.disease Bioinformatics 03 medical and health sciences Glucose 0302 clinical medicine Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes mellitus medicine Humans Hypoglycemic Agents Pharmacology (medical) business Retrospective Studies Glycemic |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 55:1386-1396 |
| ISSN: | 1542-6270 1060-0280 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/1060028021999473 |
| Popis: | Objective: To explore mechanistic benefits of glucose-lowering agents that extend beyond glycemic control with the potential to mitigate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications. Data Sources: The following PubMed literature search terms were used from July 2020 to January 2, 2021: diabetes, COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), glucose-lowering agents, and pharmacology. Study Selection and Data Extraction: English-language studies reporting on the association between diabetes, COVID-19 adverse outcomes, and the potential roles of glucose-lowering agents were reviewed. Data Synthesis: Selected glucose-lowering agents have benefits beyond glycemic control, with the potential to reduce the risks of severe complications during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Key benefits include anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, immune modulating, and enzyme/receptor effects. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: This review summarizes the current knowledge of glucose-lowering agents and their potential roles in COVID-19 outcomes. Considering beneficial mechanisms on COVID-19 outcomes that extend beyond glycemic control as well as safety profiles, current data suggest that dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors and metformin may have the most promise and warrant further investigation. Conclusions: Certain glucose-lowering agents may offer additional benefits beyond glucose control—namely, by modulating the mechanisms contributing to adverse outcomes related to COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. DPP-IV inhibitors and metformin appear to have the most promise. However, current published literature on diabetes medications and COVID-19 should be interpreted with caution. Most published studies are retrospective and consist of convenience samples, and some lack adequate analytical approaches with confounding biases. Ongoing trials aim to evaluate the effects of glucose-lowering agents in reducing the severity of COVID-19 outcomes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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