Community drinking water data on the National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network: a surveillance summary of data from 2000 to 2010
| Autor: | Mikyong Shin, Felicita David, Ambarish Vaidyanathan, Michele M Monti |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Haloacetic acids
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Population Contaminants ·Environmental hazards 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law 01 natural sciences Article Arsenic chemistry.chemical_compound Nitrate Environmental health tracking·community Water Supply Environmental health Water Quality medicine Maximum Contaminant Level Ecotoxicology Humans Health risk education 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science education.field_of_study Nitrates Drinking Water Water Pollution General Medicine Contamination Drinking water Community water systems Pollution United States Disinfection chemistry Environmental science Water quality Public Health Water Pollutants Chemical medicine.drug Environmental Monitoring Trihalomethanes |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment |
| ISSN: | 1573-2959 0167-6369 |
| Popis: | This report describes the available drinking water quality monitoring data on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (Tracking Network). This surveillance summary serves to identify the degree to which ten drinking water contaminants are present in finished water delivered to populations served by community water systems (CWS) in 24 states from 2000 to 2010. For each state, data were collected from every CWS. CWS are sampled on a monitoring schedule established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for each contaminant monitored. Annual mean and maximum concentrations by CWS for ten water contaminants were summarized from 2000 to 2010 for 24 states. For each contaminant, we calculated the number and percent of CWS with mean and maximum concentrations above the maximum contaminant level (MCL) and the number and percent of population served by CWS with mean and maximum concentrations above the MCL by year and then calculated the median number of those exceedances for the 11-year period. We also summarized these measures by CWS size and by state and identified the source water used by those CWS with exceedances of the MCL. The contaminants that occur more frequently in CWS with annual mean and annual maximum concentrations greater than the MCL include the disinfection byproducts, total trihalomethanes (TTHM), and haloacetic acids (HAA5); arsenic; nitrate; radium and uranium. A very high proportion of exceedances based on MCLs occurred mostly in very small and small CWS, which serve a year-round population of 3,300 or less. Arsenic in New Mexico and disinfection byproducts HAA5 and TTHM, represent the greatest health risk in terms of exposure to regulated drinking water contaminants. Very small and small CWS are the systems' greatest difficulty in achieving compliance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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