Genetic diversity, phylogeography and molecular clock of the Lutzomyia longipalpis complex (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Autor: Angélica Pech-May, Pablo Berrozpe, Magalí Gabriela Giuliani, María Gabriela Quintana, Raúl E. González Ittig, Janine M. Ramsey, Oscar Daniel Salomón
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Most recent common ancestor
Male
Heredity
Population genetics
Haplogroup
Genetic diversity
Geographical locations
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]
0302 clinical medicine
Molecular clock
Phylogeny
biology
Geography
Ecology
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Database and informatics methods
Sequence analysis
Bioquímica y Biología Molecular
Cytochromes b
Phylogeography
Genetic Mapping
Infectious Diseases
Biogeography
Insect Proteins
Female
CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Brazil
Research Article
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Ecological Metrics
lcsh:RC955-962
Bioinformatics
030231 tropical medicine
Argentina
Ciencias Biológicas
03 medical and health sciences
Genetic variation
Genetics
Animals
Lutzomyia Longipalpis
purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https]
DNA sequence analysis
Evolutionary Biology
Population Biology
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Biology and Life Sciences
Genetic Variation
lcsh:RA1-1270
Species Diversity
South America
biology.organism_classification
Sandfly
Insect Vectors
Research and analysis methods
030104 developmental biology
Haplotypes
Evolutionary biology
Earth Sciences
Haplogroups
Uruguay
People and places
Psychodidae
Population Genetics
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 7, p e0006614 (2018)
CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
instacron:CONICET
ISSN: 1935-2735
1935-2727
Popis: Background The Lutzomyia longipalpis complex has a wide but discontinuous distribution in Latin America, extending throughout the Neotropical realm between Mexico and northern Argentina and Uruguay. In the Americas, this sandfly is the main vector of Leishmania infantum, the parasite responsible for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The Lu. longipalpis complex consists of at least four sibling species, however, there is no current consensus on the number of haplogroups, or on their divergence. Particularly in Argentina, there have been few genetic analyses of Lu. longipalpis, despite its southern expansion and recent colonization of urban environments. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and structure of Lu. longipalpis from Argentina, and to integrate these data to re-evaluate the phylogeography of the Lu. longipalpis complex using mitochondrial markers at a Latin American scale. Methodology/Principal findings Genetic diversity was estimated from six sites in Argentina, using a fragment of the ND4 and the 3´ extreme of the cyt b genes. Greatest genetic diversity was found in Tartagal, Santo Tomé and San Ignacio. There was high genetic differentiation of Lu. longipalpis in Argentina using both markers: ND4 (FST = 0.452, p < 0.0001), cyt b (FST = 0.201, p < 0.0001). Genetic and spatial Geneland analyses reveal the existence of two primary genetic clusters in Argentina, cluster 1: Tartagal, Santo Tomé, and San Ignacio; cluster 2: Puerto Iguazú, Clorinda, and Corrientes city. Phylogeographic analyses using ND4 and cyt b gene sequences available in GenBank from diverse geographic sites suggest greater divergence than previously reported. At least eight haplogroups (three of these identified in Argentina), each separated by multiple mutational steps using the ND4, are differentiated across the Neotropical realm. The divergence of the Lu. longipalpis complex from its most recent common ancestor (MRCA) was estimated to have occurred 0.70 MYA (95% HPD interval = 0.48–0.99 MYA). Conclusions/Significance This study provides new evidence supporting two Lu. longipalpis genetic clusters and three of the total eight haplogroups circulating in Argentina. There was a high level of phylogeographic divergence among the eight haplogroups of the Lu. longipalpis complex across the Neotropical realm. These findings suggest the need to analyze vector competence, among other parameters intrinsic to a zoonosis, according to vector haplogroup, and to consider these in the design and surveillance of vector and transmission control strategies.
Author summary The Lutzomyia longipalpis complex has a wide but discontinuous distribution in Latin America, extending throughout the Neotropical realm between Mexico and northern Argentina and Uruguay. In the Americas, this sandfly is the main vector of Leishmania infantum, the parasite responsible for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The Lu. longipalpis complex is composed of at least four sibling species, although there is no current consensus on the number of haplogroups, or their divergence. In Argentina, little is known about the complex population structure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the diversity and genetic structure of Lu. longipalpis from Argentina and subsequently to analyze the complex phylogeography at a Latin American scale, using two mitochondrial markers. Greatest genetic diversity was found in Tartagal, Santo Tomé and San Ignacio. Two genetic clusters and three Lu. longipalpis haplogroups were identified from the six sites in Argentina. Phylogeographic analyzes using ND4 and cyt b gene sequences and those from across the Neotropical realm registered in GenBank, suggest greater divergence than previously reported. At least eight haplogroups are differentiated using the ND4, each separated by multiple mutational steps. Lu. longipalpis complex divergence from its most recent common ancestor (MRCA) was estimated at mid Pleistocene, 0.70 MYA (95% HPD interval = 0.48–0.99 MYA).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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