High Molecular Weight Barley β-Glucan Alters Gut Microbiota Toward Reduced Cardiovascular Disease Risk
| Autor: | Yanan eWang, Nancy P Ames, Hein M Tun, Susan M Tosh, Peter J Jones, Ehsan eKhafipour |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) medicine.medical_specialty Firmicutes lcsh:QR1-502 β-glucan Gut flora Microbiology lcsh:Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound cardiovascular disease Internal medicine medicine Prevotella Feces 16S rRNA gene sequencing Original Research 030109 nutrition & dietetics biology Triglyceride gut microbiota Bacteroidetes food and beverages molecular weight biology.organism_classification stomatognathic diseases 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Bacteroides Body mass index |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Microbiology Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 7 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 1664-302X |
| Popis: | The physiological cholesterol-lowering benefits of β-glucan have been well documented, however, whether modulation of gut microbiota by β-glucan is associated with these physiological effects remains unknown. The objectives of this study were therefore to determine the impact of β-glucan on the composition of gut microbiota in mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals and to identify if the altered microbiota are associated with bioactivity of β-glucan in improving risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using a randomized, controlled crossover study design, individuals received for 5-week either a treatment breakfast containing 3g high molecular weight (HMW), 3g low molecular weight (LMW), 5g LMW barley β-glucan or wheat and rice (WR). The American Heart Association (AHA) diet served as the background diet for all treatment groups. Phases were separated by 4-week washout periods. Fecal samples were collected at the end of each intervention phase and subjected to Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Results revealed that at the phylum level, supplementation of 3g/d HMW β-glucan increased Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes abundances compared to control (P < 0.001). At the genus level, consumption of 3g/d HMW β-glucan increased Bacteroides (P < 0.003), tended to increase Prevotella (P < 0.1) but decreased Dorea (P < 0.1), whereas diets containing 5g LMW β-glucan and 3g LMW β-glucan failed to alter the gut microbiota composition. Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Dorea composition correlated (P < 0.05) with shifts of CVD risk factors, including body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, as well as triglyceride levels. Our data suggest that consumption of HMW β-glucan favourably alters the composition of the gut microbiota and this altered microbiota profile associates with a reduction of CVD risk markers. Together, our study suggests that β-glucan induced shifts in gut microbiota in a MW-dependent manner and that might be one of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the physiological benefits of β-glucan. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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